A founder-led venture studio bridging impact, innovation, and sustainability for emergent economies.
A founder-led venture studio bridging impact, innovation, and sustainability for emergent economies.
A founder-led venture studio bridging impact, innovation, and sustainability for emergent economies.
. . .. . . .. . .. . ..... :....... . .... ... ......:...:..:..:.::~^.^:.::..:.....^^::^..:
.^:!!!!!~~!^!!~!!!!!!7!~!~~!!~!~^~:^!^~~~^~.^!~!!~^!:~!^!!~!!~!!!!!!!!!77!!7~!!~!!!777????7??7??JJ?J??77~777??????J^
.~:^:.::.:::~^:^^::^:^::~^:^:.:. :..:..:..^.:~::^..^ .~~^^^:^.^^:^^^~^:::..:.:. ^^^~~:!~~!~~7!777777?JJ?7??777~77~!!^^ .
:~^~!::~^^~^^^^~.^!^:^. . ::.^:....:: :~. . .~~!!~~!~~^~!!!!!:.^:^~~~^:~. :^^^^:^!~^~~!7??!~?J?????7???77!7!^7777??JYY.
.: :^!7!~~~~7:~!!!!:^!!!!: :.^::~~..... :..::.. .!~~^^!!~!7~!!777!~!:.~~~~.~~^!::~~.^::~:.~~^!^^7!:!~!7777?JJJJJYYJYYYYY5YY7??JJJJJY: 7^
..^^:~~. ...:.^: .^!. . .:::.. :: . . .:^!^:~777!~~:.^:.::...::^:.....^:.::.^^^!!!~:.:::^!~~^~!~~~~!!7??7??77?JJ?J????~!Y?^^:.
77!!7!!!~^^:^7!!!!7^:~~~~77. :.^.^::!7~:~.. ^. :..:. ^.^!77777??7?777!!77!!!!7!777~7!~7!!77!7!77?JJJ?7!!7~!!77???7?77?JJYYYYYY55YYYYY55YYJJJJJ77
.~~~^~:...^~~~^^^^.. .:~~~^ ..: .... . .... .:.~~~!~:^^~^~^^^^^~:.~::~~!!~!!^~^..:.:^.~~!7777!~~~^!:^!!77777!7!!?77J!!77??7JJ?7JJYJJJ7~7~
... :~!!!~.:^^~~!!!^ ..:~~^.. :~:^..~^ :. .:.:..: ^^:::7??~!7?7?JJJ??7~~:^~^^~^!??JJYJ7!!~:^^:!~!!77JJJJ7!!~.7!7??????????7?JYY7??7?JJYYJJYYYYY55YYYY7:
^:~~~!~. ...~!!!~!. .^:.~^.~. ~~^:: .^ ^:.~. ~: :.:!^ :^:7!777.!777?JY!~7~:!.:~~!77JYYYYY: ::~~~~^77????JJJY?.:!:7?JJJYYYYYYJ7?JJYY55YYYJYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY555Y.
...::^^^.::::... ^~~: .....^: .. . ..:..:.:..^:^~..^^^~^^77:.::^~^!!^~. . ~. :^~!7?~^!!. .::.::~~7?JJJ~... .: .::^^:!777?J7~~^77777??!!77777!!!7???JYJ?7JJJYJ~
.!~77!!77^!:.!~^7!7?7!:.^^^^~~!!:.. ^!:.^.^:.!~:^!^~~^!~^!^777?JJJ?^^7??JJY?7~^:^7^^!!7?JJJJY?!~~~~!!!7~^!!7JJJY5J!.:~^!^:!!~!!!!?YYJJ?7Y!!?JY55555555555YYYY55555555555PPJ?.
. .. .~^:^^~~. ^^:...!!^~: .... . .. .. .... ::.^:.:.:::.^^~7???!~.:~!!!!77~:.^::^::~^~~~~^~!: :^~~!!~~!!77?7??!^. ...:.:^::^^~~~!!7!~^~:^!::~!7??????77?7~^~~!7!~~7??????J!:.
^7::!!!!!^!7^. :::~~!?7::::^~^.~~^~...:~^.~. ^~~!~!7?YJ^~!~:~~7!7JYYY!7!!???JJJJJ~~~!~!!~!77?J7~~^~~^^!~7?JJJYYYYYYYJ7~::^!!~!!!!!~!7?J???JJJJ?77!:.^~7?JYYYYYJJJ??7??J?!7?JJJJJJY555YJ!.
^!~~^^..^^~^ .!^.~7?7~ : .:: .:. :. :.^: .. ^~.!?7~~:.:^~::!.:7?JJJ7.!!!~??????7^^^:^~~^!7??! ^!^~^:~~!??JJ???JJ?7~!. .^~^!^^!!77777^7??J7~7^^: ~^.~^^7JJJJJJ?JYJJ?77??????J??J??JJJJJ~ : .
.~^:^^!!~..^.~^..~!77777!: .: .:.:^:.^^~^ ^.::.^!!7JJ7^~!:^~::~!!!!!7JY?7!!7???JJJYY?~^^^:.:~!??:^. :~::~^^^~!7?JJ???JY? ^~7!!!7JJJJJJJ!^7???JJJ7!7^^^^.^:~^~~!77JYYJJJYJJ?77!!~^.!~^!!!7!!??7??J5J~
.^~!!!!7~!7!^~~!!~777??7~...::^ :^.~^:^!!^ .^:~!7777JYY:~!~7^:~:^77??JJ?J^!!~~7?JJYYYJJY!!:~^^!7??^.!~~^!!~~:!!!JJJJYYYYY!^:!!!7!7?JJYYY57^7~7??JYYYYYJ7~!~^!~!~^7!~77?555555555YYYY?!?JYY?Y?JYYYYY55Y5P^7^
.::^:^. .:..:::^^~^...:..... .:....::.^^..:^:^!!!?77?7~.^^^~: .::^:^!~~:..::~777?!??~!77~...:.:^:.:.....^:.::^~~777???!~:.:^!~~!!7?????77^.::^~~!7!!77!~^^:~^.:::^^:~::!!~!???7?????7777~^::~^~!!77!~~~!^7Y?~:.
.:^!7~~7~~!!7~ ~7!~77777~^!!:!~!!7!~ .!~!~!!7^^^.777J7!JJYYY~!!!7~~7^~!7!7J?7.:77777JYYYYJYYYYYJ7!~77!~: ~!!!!~!!^!!7???JYYYY~^!!!~^77?JJYYY5YY?7^7777JYYYYYYYYY7!!!!:!!!!7777?7???JYYYYY555555YYJ?7??7?7????JJJJJYY5555?.
..^~~^.::.^^^:^.:^^:~^::. ::.~^.^:.: ::~^::: .:~~~^^::^~7?: :. :. :.:~!!7!.^:.~~!!!7??77~~!!!!^^^.:..^: :^^::.:::~~!77!77J7^.:~:~..!!77?7?????!~.:^^~!777???77^:^:::.~~~~~~!7777?JJJJ?????JJ?JJ??????!!^^~^!77?7!!!~~!!77~~:.:.
. .^^!77^ !!77!~~!^!!^~ ^:~~:^:~~:!:.~^:~!?7~~: ~!!7?77???JJ!^~~!^~7~~!7?!~7~~!~~!!7??JYYJ??JJJ?!.^:^^~^!!^!!~~!~~!!777?JJJY!^^^~~~~!~!77?JJYYJYJ77^!!:~77JJJYYYJ7!!~!!^!!~!7?Y5555Y555YJJYJJYYYY55555YY??!!7777!??7?J???7JY555Y55Y!.
:!~^~~~~~~~^.~~.~^.:^:^~~~ . ^~..^^::^^.~^^~:^!~!^.~~^7!!7!~???J~:!~~!!~!!~!~~~::~:^!^.!!7????^77^!7~^:.~^^~^.:~^!^^~~^^~:~77?J?J: ^:.:^:~~!7!7???JJJJJ?7~!::~~!7?JJ??7^^~^~~:~~~77??????~!??7JJJJJJJJY7?Y?JY55YJ?????77?JJ?7??JYJJYYYY5555~ ~~
.:~::^:^~^~^^. . .:.:^:.^^ .: ::::.^:.:::^:~77777?~^^:^~~777?77?!::.^~~!777???7~::^:^~~~~~7!!7?7?7?????. .^^:.^:.^^:~~~^^:~!~!?J?~^^:^~~~!7777~77?JJJJJJJ?7!^::.^:^~:~7~^^:^^ ^^:^^7JJJJJ?7~^^^..^:^~.^~~!~~!!JYYYYYYJJ?????7J?!7!!~^~!!?JJJJJY???!!!777:
..^^:^~!!7!~!!!!!7!!~~!^!~^!!!:^~.~^.!~^:~~~!^^77??JJJ!~^:!!~?7?JJJY?~?~:~~7??JJJJJJ~77~!!!!!7?77JJJJJYYYYYYY?.:!.^!~!!.!!!!7:!7!7??YY^^!~:!77??JJJJ!:??JJJ??7!?7!?!~~ ~~~~..!:!!~!7.~!~77!JYYYY57!!!7~^!~~^^7!~77??!7JY5555YYY5555YYYY55YY?JJJJJYY5555YYYYYJY!^ .!: .
. :::~^^^.^~^^~^^~. ...:. ....:. ...::^^::^^:^:^!!77~^~::::^^~777!^:.::^::^~!7!!77!~!::::^^^^^^^^~!!7777777?^.:::: .. .. .^..^.:!~!7?!. :::~77777!!~~::!7!??77~.^^~!^....... .. .^.:^.:^^!!~777??~::.....:::^!~^:^^^~^^^^!!!7??J7!JJJJ???J???7?7???!~~!7777!~~~^::^7~~7?!!!~:::.....
^:.7~!!!!7!!!~777?JJ!:. ...!~ !~ ^7^~!~~?7????J?????JJY5YJ!!!!!!777JY7~~^:~!!!!!7?YYYYYY?7~~!!!!77777?JJYJJYYYYY?7:!^!7:!!:^!!~7. !7?JJJJ77!!77JJJYY?7??777!?JJJYYYYYYYY77!!:~!!!~!!~~!~!!!!7?JJYYYY55?~7!^..~77JYYYYJ?7777.~77!7??Y5YY55YY5555555555555YJYYYYYYYYYYYY5YYYY5YY55YYYYYYJYJ^~^. !Y^.. .
::.!~!!!7!!!7!~!!^^. .:^^^::: ^. .!~^~~^~!!~:~777777777^^::::^^~~~~~!~:.:^^^^:^~~^!7777^:~:~~!!!!!!!77??????~77::. :.^:.~^~^~^.^.:!??J7!:.~^~7777!!7~:~:.~~~7!777????????~.::.:^: :^:::^~!~!7!!7?7???J~.:^!~^^^!77?77!!!~^~.^^~~^^^:!7JJ7?7777!!7~^!!7JJJJYYYJJYJJJJ????7!^77!~^?JJ????7~7J!. ..^7!?~. .~. .
~7^. .^7!^:!7!77??????~!7::::~~^~~~:^^~!!!77???????7????JYYYJ7!~~~ :~^~~~!77J?~~!:^^~^^^~~~!~!!~~!!!!7JJ?????JYY57?J?!!^.^^~~~~^.~~~~~~!JJJY5Y~:^~^~7??J77!!7?7!:^!!777?JJYYYYYYJ7~~!^~~~~^^^:~~~^77?J?7J?JYYYYJ~^^!!!!!7??JJJJJJ?JJJ?!!~~!7~!7~JJJ?J??7~77!!7?J??JJYYYYYJYYYJJJJJ?~7????JJJJJ?JJJ?7???777777JJJJ??J?7~!?YP!
.~:!777!!77??7?77???!^.^^.: .^..^^::~~.^7!7??777JJ?J?????????^~. ~~:~.~~~!77J7!7!:^~.~!~~~^^~!!: ^~!!77??!!~!!!777~?7?J!^~^~~:.^~~~~~~^!77JJJJY7.:^^~!77777^7??JJ~77^!!7?JJYYYYJ!7!:^~~~:~^:~~!7~!!!7J??J?JJYYYYJ?J7!:!!!?JJJ?JJJ7JJJYJ?JJJJJ??~!~ 77?JYYYJJJJ??!?JJJJJJ?7~.!7JYJJJ?YJJJJ?JJJJJJYYYYYYYY5YJJJJJJJJJJJJYYY5YYYY5Y~
...:: .!:^7777!!7!!~^~~:~... . :::::::...^:^^:~!??J?7?J???7~^::^:...^^:^^^~^~!!7777^.^~..:.:^::^^^:.^:.:..~7?7!:~~~!!^!!.:^ .: .:..^..:... :^.:^::: .::^~7777!!~!777!:::^~!!!!7?J?77^:..:^^~~~~~!~~7777~~7?JYJJJJY?:.::::.^~~~!~~!???!?JJ?7?J?!7??77^::~^:~!77777??77!~^~!!::: :^^!777?7?77?7???!7~:^~!7??7??7~!77!!~~~~~~^!!JJJ??JJ?77~^.:^::::^^.
. .~!7777?7!?7?J?J?77!!~!~~~.~^!!^~!!!!::~!!!!!?JJJJJJYJJJJJJ??JJJ??77~!!!!!!:~7777JY5^^~^77~~!!~~:!!~!~.~^!!^:77!77^7!?J!~7!^~~.^~:^.~!^~~:!!~^~.!~:!!~^!^^?!?JJJJ7YYYY57??~J?!7:~??JYYJYJ!7!!7!^7!7??J7?JJJJJJJYJJY55Y~~^!!~!!!!!~!!~77JJYYYJYY5Y55YYYYYJ??777~!7^?JJJJYY5YYJJ??777~~!!!7^?JYYYYYY55YYYYY55Y55YYYYYY5YYYYYJ?777!77!???JJJJJY7JY55Y??JJ^. .
. ...: ^~~!~77!^~~~~::::....::^^:::~~:::.... ...:^:~!!~!~~~^~~~~^^!!!!~~^::^^:..:.::^~!~:: ....::::....::... ..^^::^~:::.^^^^. :. ...:.......: ..... :. .:..::^~^^~~~~^!!!~~..:...:^.:^^^^^:^^....:.:^^^!7777777?7!!!7!~~~ ......::^::^:^!^~77~~~~~^^!~!~^~!!7!~::..:.:.:^^~~~!7!!77~!~::::.:.:.:~~~!~~!7??77!~~!7!!^~!!!7!!7!77:^~:::.^^:~!~^::~7?7?777!~:~~^...~..
.:....~??7!777!7!77?????7!?7!7.^7~~~~!!7??JJJJJ!7!.~!!!!~!!777JJJJJJ77JJ?JJJY55?^~!:!!!!~!7J??7YJ7~!:~!~~~^!~^~~!!!!!!77777777??JJ?5J.^~.~!~~..~.:~.^~~!^:!!~~!~!~^~~^777????JYJ?!7?J7^:!!^~!~!7!!~^~~~~~~!..!7777!?JJJJJJYYYYY5Y?.~~::..!~~~!~!!~!!?JJJYJJYJJJ~?J!77~7?J55YJ?77?7!!!!!~??JYYYY5YYYJYY?7?!!!!77!777JYYYJYJJJJJJYJJYJJYYYYYYYJJJ?77!77!77~77~??JJ??JJYYYYYYYYJ?JJJJJJ?
^~^!!~!!777~~^~!!7!~~!.:^::^::^:.~::^:~~^~!!!~~~ .:. ::.:~!~~!!!!:::^^.~777777^:..:^^~.:~..~???.:~:.^..~~~: ^..~^:~^:!!!!^~77::!~7~~^ .^:.:. .^:.~^^^~!~:~!!~~^~~!!!~77!77!.: :^..:.:^ :^.:^:^:^~:.^:^~. ^~:~~~~!^~!?77JJJ?!::.:::. .!::^^:~^:~^~7!7??7?^~!:!7.:~....^7???JJ77!:::::~:^~~!!???J?!!777!7!.~~:~^:!~~77~!~!!!77777!7??????77!7???~^^:^:.^~^~^~~~:!!!!77777??7????7?7
:. ^!~^~.~7~77!77!!!~^~~:^.::..^^^!:^~~~~~~!!~??!^.^.:^..^:^^:~!!?JJJ!~.:^^:~~~!~7?. .^: ^^^~~~!~~!7~!!~~^^~^^~~~~!7???77??J???J?JYJJ?!::^^:^~^::^:.~:::::^~~~77?JYYJJ??JYJ?777!~~!^^^::^::^^~!~^!:...:^:^^:~~:~~:!~~!?????7777?YYYY5YJ!!~~~~^~~7!~^~~~~^777J?7?J?77?7?YJ?7~~!~~^.~^!?JYYYJJ~^^^~^^~~^7JJYJJ???JYYJ?7?7~~^~~~~^~:~!!!!^!~!7!!?7??7?J?JJYJ7~^^^~7::^:~~~~!!!7!~!~!7~7??777????
^^!!~~!~!!!!7!7!~~~~~~~^~:^~^~~~!!!!!!~!!777?7??!!!~^. .^.!!.:^^!77?J?^!!^ ^~!!7~!~!!~:.. .:^~~^^!~~~^:^.^^^~^~~~!!~!!!!77????J?JJJJ7!!!7^~^~~:~~^^..^^:^^~~^!77??7!7???7!~:!^:^~~~^:~~^^~ ^!~777JJYYJ!:..:~^!~.~!:~!!????JJYJJ??JJYYJJJJJJ7!!^!:.~^~~^^!~~!.^!!!77!7^:!::J??J?7~^!:^~~~!~!7?JJJJ7!!!::!!~~~!!7JJJJYJYJYYJJJ?777!!!!~~~~!~~!^^!!~7~7!7??JJJJJJJ??777^~~^!~~~!:~!^?77?????77?7????
.. ^ .^:^~~~~^^~!!7!:^.:^:~~.:^^^^^~~!!7!~!~^!~!~^~^:^:.::.:..^^^~^::~~??^~^. . .~^^^..^ : .: . .^^:^^:::.......::::^~~~!!7???!!^^..:::. .: .. ......:::^:::^~~~777???!~::::.:.^:::::::.:^^:^^~~~777???!^....:::^:.:^..:::..^~^7?7!7????7!!.^!!~~^~:....::.^^^~^^~~::^^!~^~^~!^!7~!~...:^^::^^~~777??!:. .:^.:^^^:^~~!!!!7?777?777!^^^.:.::~^:^^^::::::^^:.!!.~7?7!^^^.:^:^..^^:^::!!~7~77!~.:^^^~~
~!77~~~!~~~7~!7~~7!!777?7!~ ~7!!77!7!7777?JJ7?J?^~7~~7!!!.~~^~!~!!!7~^7~!JJJJ??7.. :!:^^!7.:!:~~.^^:~~!!~~?.:!!!!!7.~!^!!~!!7????JJJYYJJ~~^^7!!!!!!~.!~.~:^!~~!~~7~!!^7??JJ?JJYY57!~!!!!!7:~7^~!!!!!~7~!??JJJYYYY57!J~!??!7???~77^!~^!~~!~!!7JYYYYYYY5YJYYYYY577!~~!!!~!~!!~!7!!?!!77^?77?:!J77?~^~!:^.!7~7?JYYYYY?7!~!77!~!!!!!!:77?JYY5555555Y555??!!!~?????77!~!7!!^:77~?J?JJJYYJ??77~.~!:7!7!7?JJYJJ?^!7~!??
^::^.:~^:^::^^:::~~:^^:::~~.^~^^^^~^^:~::::^..:^:::..:... ....::::^~:.~.:!^:^:.:. ..:... ..... ::..:::::~. ..:^: .^.::~~~~!^^!7~!~^~^.::^~~::. :. . :..:::^:^~:^~:^^^~!~!!~:^ ...:^^:: .: ...::..::^!~!????~:~.^~~7??7?77!::. ^^:~^::.::::^^~~7?7777?7!!!^...:~^^::^::^::^:.:^^~~~!^:^.^^.^!:^^..^.^: :.:~~!77?7^^^::^.....^:.:^^^^:~!~~^!777!!!7!~^.:^:~7!^:.::.:..::^^^:^^:^^^^!~!: .. ::.:::^^:~7~^!!:~~!
!:~!~!!!~!~~7!~!~~!:!~^7?JJJ???7J!!~::~:.~^!!!!!~!~:~!~^!:^~!!!~!777?777^!!^~~^7!^~^!!!:~!!!7^^!.~!^^7!~~!!!~^!~~!!~~7!!?JYYYYY7JJ!7~:!!~!!~!!.~~^!~.!~~77!777?^??YYYYJ???YJ~7.:~^~~.^!^~~^~~~!!~~!~!7!7??JJYY!~^7!7?YYYYYYYY!~!~~!!!7~!7~:~~~!!!~7?7??JJJJJ7!7~~77~!!!77!7~~7~777?JJJ5??YJJJ7?JYJJ?77~!^^!~^77J5YYY55YYYY?~~!^!!!!!~!~:!!!!!7?7JYYYYYYJJ?77Y55YYYJJJJ7777777777!!7!7?JYYJ?7777.^!:~~:7??YYYJ???
^:^^^:...:.:^:.::^^.:::~!~~!~~:.^.:::~~~~^^^^^^:.::.^~::^:^^^^~~!!~^^.^^.:..:.:^^...... .:.:^.:^ :. .^..::^::.~~~~^^~!!77777!!^.^.:^:.^..~^.:^.:^.^^^~::!!^!~^~.^!!!!!7!~~~. : .^.:: .: ...:^.:~^~!:~!~!!7~!~.^..~~777????^.:^^~^^~^^~^~~ .~~~^~^:~~:.~!!!~!^^~^~!!.::.^^.^::!~!!~~7!^!^^~^7!!!!7!!!^~.:^:^~^~~!!^^77~7!777!~:.:::^^:^^:^~~^^^~~~~^~!!!7~^^.^!7777??7J?77?!~~~^~^^^^^!^^!7?J??~ ^~.::.^^.~!77???
.^^^^. .:. ..:^^~~:~!!!7~~:.~ ^~^^^^~!~:~^:!..^~~~~~~:.:.^!~~~^!!^^^:::~~~~!!^!~: ^~^^~~^^: :^:~~:.^:^~~^~7?????7!?J??777?!~^...:^^:^~:^^^~!~~!~~7!!?J?JY?^.:^^^~~^^:^^:^..^~~~.:^:^:.^~!!7~!!!??????J5?^^..^^7??????J?:~:~~^^^~~~~!!!!~!~~!~~~~~~~^^^:~!77!!!!!!:~~::^::: ~!7??JJJJ!!?7~~~^7777!7^~^~~~^~^!!7!!7?7?JJ?JJ?7^::^:~~~^~^^!~^:.~~~~..:~^~~^~^^!!!7~777JJ7?JJ??7~^^^^~~!!^:^?YJJJ7?!^~~.^^~^~:!???
^^~^~~!~~!!!!!!~~!!^!~^~.:^^~~.^~^~!~^!^^~^~!~:!~!!~!!:^~^!!7!~~~:.^.:~~~~~?J7^! ::^^~!!!!~~^^~!~~!^^!:^!~^!7??77!7?JJ7?JJJJ^^~~!!^^~.~!^^!!!!~!7!!!!77!?~^~^^!~~~~^!^.~:.~:.~.~^:~~^!!:!7!7!.?7??J?????7^^!!~~7???J?JJ?!~!:!~!!!^!~~!!!~^!:^!^:~~~~:^~..~^~~!7!!!!~!~^!~.!~.~!7??777:7~:!^!7~7!~!7!~!^~!:~^.!~^~!!77JJJJJ??!~^!~~!!:^~:~~~!~~~~!~~!!~!!~~!~~!~~!777?JJJ??JJJYY7777!!!7!7!~!???JYY7!!!!~.~7~.7??
..:^:^^~^^^~:.:^:^^:~~^^::^.::..:.:^:.:.:::^~~:^..:.:^..::^^^^^::::^::^^!7!7^:^:.::^^^~~^^^::::~~!~::~^:~^~!!~~~~~!7?7!!^^~~::^:^^:.::::::^^.^::^~~^^~^.::.:::::::: :: :..:..::^^~~^:^~^~~~!!^!!!!~^!?!~^.:::^~!7??7!~~::::.::^~^:^:.^^^^^^^^^:::^^^::^:::::::^^:^::~^:~~:^:^^:.^:^~^:^. ..::::^:.::::.::::..^^:::.::^~!!!^!!~^!~!!~:^^:^^^^:^^:^^.:::.:::::::^::::^~~~^!!!?J7??77!~^~^^^:^:^~~^~!~!7!^~^^~^^~~~
!77777?7!!~7^.!!77!7???J!~!:~!~!7~^?77777??77!!7^~~^!7!7777?JJ~~!!!?!JJYYJ!7~!7!77!!?~!7777777?J?7?77??JJJJJJ?JYYJJJJJ!7~777777!7!!7!~77!??~777?!?J?7?7^7!!!~~!!!!!^!~^!!~!~~!^~!7?JJJYJJYYYYYYYYYYY??~~7~~77??JJY77?~!!:7!~!7!!!!!!~7!!7!!777!!7^!7!!7!!!!!7^^!!!!!!!7777!7~!~^7!!?~77!!7!!!!!7~!!~~!~~7!!!!~7!!!^!7777?7!~77??JJJJYYY7??~????777!!7!!!~!77!77!!!!77~!^!??JJ?JYYYYYYJJ?7777^!77?JJ55YYJ7???J???
.:^^:^:. ..^. ::^~^^!~:: .:..^:^^..:.::.:^...^^: ...^:.:~~!^^: :~:.:..:.:. ...:..^..:.:^^^^^~!~~~:~^~7!!7!~~^^^^....^^.::.::^^..^^:~^:^:.^: ...^..~^.^. :.:~::^^::..^:.^:.:.:^.:^^!7!7?!!!!!7!7!77?!.~:.^::^~~:^^^..^.:^.~^.::...::^::^::.:^^^:::.:^^^~^:^::: .:::...:::..:.::..:.:.:.::^:::....::::^::^.:::::.:: ^^::^:...^~~!7!77^^!^^: :^~~^::..^^:^:.^^^~:^~^~^:.^..^:^^.:^~!!~~~^^^::: :^^^~::!7?J7!!~!!~~
.:~~^~!~~!!!!!7?7???JJJ?:^7^~!!!!~!~.~~:^!!!7~!!:~!~~!~!????~!!!7!!^:^^.~~~~!^~~^~~~~!~!~~7!~?7!7?7?7?J?JJJ??!J?7!!~~~!~~~~~!~~:~7777!!!^!~^~~^~~^!!!!!:!!!!!!!~!!!!!!~!!!!7!!!!!7?JJJYY?JJJJJJYYYYJ???7?7~!~~~^~~^~!~!~!!!~^!~~~^!!!!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!^7!!!~^~~!!~~!^:!~~!~~!!!!!!!!^~!!!!~!~^!!~!~~!~~!!~~.!!~~!~~~!!!!77!!??JJJJJJJ????77!!7~.!~!!^~!~^!~~777!777^:!~!~~!~^~!!?J???7!!~^~:!!^!!:~!?JJJ?J????J
.:..:::!::~~^7!~~~:^:.^..: :~~.. :^ .:..:..:... :^.:!!~^^:: ^:.:... ...:^.:. :: :::~^~~.:!~^~^~!^!!!!!^~!!:!:~~~!~^..^^^^^^^^^:^^^^^:^^:...:^.^:^~:.^:.~^^~.:~.:^^:~::~!^!!^!~!!!!~~7~~!7!7!77!^~!!~~!!:.^^:^^ ^^.^:.^^^^^^^^^^:.^^^^^^^:^~^.~^^.^~^^^.^^^^^^^^^^:.::.^^^^..^.:~^:^^.~:^^^.^^^^:.~:.:.^^^^^.^^^^^:^:.:^^~!~!!!!!!???J?7?7???!~^:~^^: ^^^^^^:~:.^~~7^^~^^^^..^^^^~~^!!777!^~:^~::~:^~~!!77!!~777
:^^~~~~!77777?J7..^^.^^:~~!!!!.:^^^::~~^~7!777?????J?77^^.:~!!~~!~^~~~~~~!7777?7777?J???7?J?7??JJJ??7?JJJJJ7!77!.:^^^:::..:^:::.^:.:::^^^^~^::.:^~!:^~~~!^~!~!!~~^^~!7777?JJJJJJ?7??77!7?7!!^^:. :^^:^.^^^~~~~^^^^~~^.^~^^::::^^^:^::^::^:^~~^^^~~~^^^:^^~^:::^^:^^..^...:^::::::.::.....^.::^^:..:.::::^:::::^... .^:~77!~~~~~!~!~~!7777?7?J^.^^^~~^^:^::^~^~~~!7??J??!!7!^!7!~^^~~^^:^^:....:::::^^:.:~!~~~^:.
!!!!~!!^!~^!~^:^~!~~~~~!!7!:!!.!!7?7~77:~????J???J?!^7?7?77!~!!~!!!!~~7777??7!777???J!7J???7??7??~??7!J7J?!^7:^~::~^^~~!!^!!:~!.!!:^!!!!!!~^!!!~:^!~^!!!!!:!~^!~^!^!7~!?7!??JJ!7?:!!!!!^~7:!!:~!.~!~^7.:!^~!^:~^~~~~!~~!^~!!^^^~^^!!!!~~!~!!^~~~!~~!~!!~!!~!~:~!!!^^!!~!!^!~^!!!!!!7!!!!!!!!!~~!!!!~^~!^~~~~!!~:!!.~!:~^.!77?7~7????~!7!!??J?!~~!!~.!!^^::!~~!~!!!????JJJ?7YJ?J?77!^~7!~!!!!!!!:~!!!77777777!!77
^~~::^^.::...::::^:^^::^::: :~.^~~~!^:~^^~!~^^~!!!^.:~:~7777~^^^^~!7!!?77???7!77!77?7^^^^^^:.^:.^..:..^^:^^:^..:.::::..:..:::::.::::^^^^^^:^~^^^::^^:~:.::.^..^^^~^~!~7?777~~^:::.:..:..:::::.::..: .:..:.::..: .:^:..:^:.:^::::::^:::..:::^::^::^^^:::....^^..::::....^: .:::^:...:::^^^:.....:.::....:^::::^::^^:^:.^..^^:~!^!?7!!~!77??^^!~^!:.:^~^..^:^^^^:.^^~!!?7:~~!?!~!~^~!~^~^:^::^::^::::::^:::.^~::^:
^!77777!7?7!!!7^!!^77:7!^!!:??7????JJ?JJJJJJJJY?7??7J?7?J?JY77^^7!~?????JJ7????!~?~7?~!7777!^7~~77!77!7!!!!!!~77!!!!7!!7!~!!~77777777777???!JJJYJJYY??^~7!!7~!777?JJYYYY5YYY77~!!~!!~7!~!!~!7~7!.!7:~7~77!!7^!7^!7!7!!7?^~777777!!7!^7!!!7!7!77!7!~7!^!~!!!77~~!!77!77!!7!!77777!!!7!!77!7^!7!!!^!!!!!^77^77~!!!!!!7!!7~7????JJJJYYYYYYJJYYY5555YJ?777~77777~7!!7!~7~?!~JJJ5YYYYYYY55YJ777~7!^77!7!~77~77~77????
.::..::^^:.. . .: :: .^.:^.:~::~~~7~^::^^^~~^::.:~^:^^^~.:^ ::.^:.^^::.:: ...: :..^..^.::.:^::^:^^::^.:^:.:.^^^^:.::^^:.::.:^^^~~^.:^.:^^.::::..:..: .:..::~~^:~^^~^^^^^^:.. ::.^::::.:^.:^.:^.:: .^..:.:: ::.::.^:.:^.::::::^:.:..:..^^::.^^.:::^:.^..:.::.. .:::^^:::::::^::::..:.:... .:::^.::.:^:^^.:^..:::::::....^:^!!^^^!7!~!7^^!~!!^^^^^^.^^..:^.:.^^^^..:.::.^~:!?77!~^~~77!.::.:^.^:.::.::.::..^~!!:
~~~^~!^:!~~~^:^:~^^!!!!777?7??7?JJJJ7!77?JJJJ~~!~~!~~!~~!~!!!!!7!!~~^~~~~~^~~~!!~!!~~~!!~~!~!7?77~~!~!!!!!~^!~!!!!!:~!~!!!!!~~~^^~!!!!!~^!~^!!~~!^~~~!^^^~^!JJYJJYJ^^^^!~~!~~~~!!!7!~!~~!!:!!~~~~!!~!!!~!!!!!!!~!!~!!:~!!!!!~~~!!!!!!!~~!:!!~!!^!!~!!!!~^~^^~:^^.!~~!!~^~!!~~!~~!~~~~~~^^^^^~~~!~!!~!!!!!^!!!~~~~!~^~^^^^~~!JJ77?7?????77???77J??J7~77!^!!!!!!!77!!~~~~^~!77??JJ?????J?7!~~7~~~~~~!~^~~!!~^~!77!
^^^::^. ^:^^ ::.^: .~^^~~~~.~?~:~~~!~~!!^^^^^ :^.:^^^^:^~.:^^^^^^^^^:^::~^.^^:^^.^^:^::~~^~:.~^~!:^^^^~.:~^~~~~~^~!.:^ ^::^^:^^:~^:^!^^::^..::^^:.^^:~.^~:^!~:!!!7~^~.:^:^^^^:^~^.~:.~:.^~.^^.^^:^:.^::^^.~^.^^^:^:~~.^^^^^.:^.^^^^:^^^^^:~~.:^:~::~^:~::~::~::^.^^^^^~^^^^::~^:~~^~^:^^^~^^^^^~.^^^^^^:~::~^~::^^::^^~~^:~.~~^~!:~~~!~:!~^!!!7^~!~:~:.::^^^.^^^~^^~^^^:~.~~~^!77777??J???7!~~^^^^^~~~~^^:~~^~^:
.:^:.^..: .^^:^^^^~^:^^~~^~~^~.~!~~~.:::^. :^.^^:^^^^::^^:^:.^^:::^^:^^.^:^^^^^:.^^^^:^^^^^^:^:^~^^^:.^^^^::^^^^:^~:.^:.::^^^^^^~^:^^:^:^~~:^^^~::::::^^^:~~:.::~~^:^:~~^^:..:^~^:^:^^^^^:.^^^:^:^~.:^::^^:^^~^^^~^^~:::^^::^^:^^:^^:^:^::~^:^^:::.^^:~::^:^^:^^..:^^^^::^^^^^^:^^^^..::^^:^^^~~^~~^^~::::^~~~~^^::^^::^:^^.^~^^^:^::~^:^~:^^~~^^^.:~:::::^^.:..:::^^^^~~^^~~~~!!!~~??77!7??7!^:^^^~^^:^:.~^^~^^
:^^^~~~!~:!!~:!!^!!!7!~7~^7^^~^!~^!!.^^^^~.!!~~!:~!~~~.~~~~^.!!^~^^!:~~^~~!!!^~~~!^!77!!!!!:!77777!!^!^~~!!!!!!^!~~~~~:!!!!^.!!!!~~!~.!!~~~!!!!~.!77??7~!^^!~^!:^~^^~~!!^~~.!!:!~^7^~!~^!~.!!^~!^!!:!!.^!~^!^~!^!!~~!^!~:~!~!~^!^:!~~~^!~.!!~!~^!~:!!~~~!!!~!:!!!!!^^!!!!^~!^!~~!!~~^!!!!!^:~~~!~~!:!!~~!!!!^!~~!!!~!:~7~~!^!!^^~.~!:~!!~~~!!^!~~!~!!~~!^~!~~~^~!!!!:~~~~!~~!^!!!~7~~7!7???JJ??7!7777!:!!~!!.!:.
.:.. .....::.:..:^:^:.:.^^... ...::..:... :^^::.::.:.....:.....:..:....::::....:::::...:.:.............::..... ...:...^^::. ...^^.:..:::.... .. ..:::..^. ...:.............::... :. :..:..:.:::.:^.::..^^:^::^.^^.:^.:. ::... ...:....:. :..:.....:.::.:^.^^..:........:..:.:::^::^^^::.:..::::....:...:..::::::^..^.::.::.:^:.:::^:::.:. .:...:::::.....:::::.:^^^.::..:.::.^::.:..:::^.::^^^^:::::..^::::...
^~!:^~:!!!~!!!7!!!!^7:^7~!!~~!~!!!!!^~~~!!777777~!!~!7~~!~!!!!!~7^^7!!7!7!:7~^7~~77!!~!!!~!!^!!~~~!~!!!!!!!~!!!~!!~7~!7!!!!!:!!!!!!!!~!~~7!77:!!777^~7!!7^^7~!7!~!!!!!~!^~~!!!~!~^!!~7~^7!!!!~!7!!7~77777!!7!!7!!!~!!!!~^7!!7~:!~^!!!!^!!.!!!!~~7~!!~!7~~7!!!~!7~!!^7~:!!^!!!!7~7~!7!!!!!!!~7~!7~!!!!!!!!~!7~777!7!!7!!!~7!!!!!!7!!!!!!!77^!!!!!77!!!!!!!!77!7!!!~!7:^!!7!~7!777^~7^!!!77!^!7~7!^7777!!7!~7~^!~~
... :::.::..:::. : ...::.:....:. ...:...:.:^ ..................:....^: :. :..:. :..:..::.:...::...:.........:. .. ...:.: ...:........::.:..:^:. .:..: .:..:..^.::..: ..:..:..^.:^..::.^:.::..:.::::^..: .:::: :..:. ::....^: .... .: ...:. ......:..: .. ..... :: ...::::. :..:....::: . .: .:..:..:... .:. : .. .:..:.::..^:::.:::::..:.::.:..:..^:.:^:::::... .:::. ...:. :^ ::.:^^ .^.:..^:.::.::.~::^:.
.^!~^^~~7~~!^^~^^!~:!:^~^^!~!~!!~^!!~!!^!~~~~~!~^~!!~~!!~^~~~~!~~~!~~!!:~~~!~~^!!~~^!^~!!^!!!!!!!~~~!:^!~!!!~!~~!^^!~^!~!~^!^^!~!!!~~!!!~!~~!!~!!~~^~!~~!^~!!~~.~7^~!.~~!!!~~!!!~!!!~!!!~!~!!~!~^~~~~~~!!!!~:!!!!^~!~:~!^~!:^~!!!~!^^^~!~:!!^!!~~~^!~!!!!!~~~~~^!!~^!!~!~:!!!!~!!!^~!^~~!!!!!~~!~!!!!~:~!~~~^^~^~~^~!^~!~!!~!!~!!~!!~~!^~!!!!~!~~!~!!!^!!!~!!!!~!!~!!!!~!^^!~~!~~!!!!!^!!~~!~!!::~^^!!!!!!!!!!!!
:..:. :.::..:..: .^.:^:.^::::::.^^::::^^::^..:::^^:^^..:^^:^: :.:::::.::..:.::.^^:^.....^^:^^:..::^..::.^:.~.::.:^^:^:^:.^:.:.~~^^~^^..::::..:.:::^^:::..^:^^.:^.:: ::.:^.:^..:.^:.^.:::.::.::.^^.^^^:::^:.::.^:.~^ .::^: ^~^^^.:::^ ^:.^:.:.:^:.^:^::^^::^.:::~:::^.:: :^..::::.:^..:^^::^^^^.^::^^.::.:^..:^^:::^.::::..:^:.:.:^::^.^:.^:.^::^^:^^ :^:^^^^:.^:.^:::.. .::.:::^^::: :^.:~::^ .~:.^::^:^^^:~.:
.::.:::.::~::^^:^^::^:.^ :^... ::.^:.^..^:.^:.::.:~:^^ ...^:.:^^^:^^:~^:^~^^~::^::^:^^~~^.:::^:.:^~:^^.:^.: :::^^^^:..:.:::^^^^:^^.::.^::~^.:^^^^^^:^~..:..~^:^:^^:^^^^~::^^^~.:::^^:~^.^^.^^.:^::^ ^~::~^^^.^^^^^:~^.^^^^^:^^:^^::::^^^: ^..^^^^::^.^^::^ :^:^^.:: :^.^^.:~ .:.^:.^:.^:.::.:.:~.:: ^^:::.~^::::^:.^^::^..^.:~:^~::~^^~:^^:~~^~^:^^:~::^^:^:^~^:^::^:^^.:^.^^:^^..^.:^:~~^~~:^~^.~^^~::~^^~:.^:^
:^~.:~!~~^^~^~~:~~~.^^^!:~~~:~:^~:~~.!!^^~^~~.~!:^!^^^.!!~~~:~~^!.~~.!!^!!^~~^~~^~~^~~:~~~~^^~^~!^~~!!!!~:!:~~~^.^!!^~~~~^^!:~!~~!:!~::^^^~:^!^~^^~:^!~:!!~~~:!^~~~:!~~!^:!:^!.!!^~^^!!:~~:~!~~~~~~.~~^~!:~~^~~^~!^~^.!~^~~:~~^~!:~~^~:~^.!^^~^~~.~!:^~^^!.~~~~~.^!.~~.!~^~^.~^:!~:!:^!:^!:^!:~~.~!:!!:~~:!!:~^:!~.~!~:!^~!:^~~^~~~!^!!:~!.~~:!!^!~:!^~!:^!~^!^^!~^~^~^~!~:!~:~!^~7^~~.~~^~!:^^^.!!~!~^!::!^^!!!
. .. .... .. .:..:. .. ....... .:.... . .. .. ...: ...:... .. :. . .. ....... ....... .....:..: ... .. .... ...:....... .. .. : .. ..... .: ... :..:..:.::... ...:. .. .: .. .:... .... .. . .. ..... .. .......... .... .. .. .. .. ....:... .. .. .. :. ....... .. .: : .. . ::... .: .. .. . . .. :..:..: ::.:. :: :..^. .... .:... .:... .:... .... .. .. .. . :~... . .:..:..
.:!..!.~7:^7^~!:^!^:7:~!~~~~~~^!~^!!:~!~!!^~7.~7.!7.~~~~!:!!!!^^7:~!.7~:7^^77:!!^!!!!~~!!!7~:7!~!~~!7^^7!!!^!!!!.!!!:.!~~~~!!^!~!~:7~^!!!!! !^^7^^7~~!:^7~:7.^7.~7!~7~~7!!!!!!^7::7~^7^~!!~!!.!7:~7:!!~!!~!7:7!:!~~!!^!!^!!~!!:7!^7:^!:!~:7^~!^^7^!!~!!^!!:7!:!7~~~:7~^7~.7!^77.!!^!~~!^!7:!7.^7.~!:~~:7!!!!:!7^~7^!!^!!.!7^^7!^!~~!^!!^7!:!!^!~:7~^7~.7~~7:~7^~!~~!!!7^~7.!!.!7~!!^^7~!~.^7!^7~!!.!7.^!!!!!!!!!
. . .. .. . . : . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .. . . ... .. .:.:. .. . :.... . ... .... .... . .. .. . .. . .. . .... .. . . . . :... ........ . :. ........ .. .. :. .. . .. ..... .. .. . .. . . . . .. . .. .. .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . .. ....: .. . .. :: .. ..... . .. ..... . .. .. . ...:. .. ....... .: .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. :..::...
.:~.^!. ^.:~..~~.:: ~~ :~.~^.~ ^7.^!^^~:.! ^! .! .!:^!.:~:^!.~::^.~~.~~.~~ .~::: ^~.^^.~!.~^^!^!:.~::!:~^.~.~~!:^^ ~^^^:!^:^ ::.~: ~!:~~.!^.!^:!.~!^.^^:~.~~.~!~:!^:!~^~^~^^!~^!::!!.~!:!!~~~::~~~~:~~^~~.~^^~~~!^.!~^^~.~. ^..!.:~^~~ ~^ ~..!:^~.^!:^!.^!:^~.:!.~!:^:.!^~~!.~^:! ^!:~~:^~.~~.^~.~!~~!.^~ ^!:~!^~^.!!^!!::!.^^~!~.~!:~!~~!!!~:7^~!^.~~^!^^~:.!!~!^^~^~~~!~:!!~~!:~!:!~:!!~~~^~~~:~~^::~!^:7~~!^:
: .: . .: :...: :: . :..: .:.::.^: .: .^ .: ::..^..:..:.~^.:.:. .. :. ^^:^. :: ::.^^.::.^.:..:.::.:: ...:. .. :........ :. : .......:..^..^..:..^..^..: .: .:..^. :::..^..^..:^ ^: :::...^:.::.::.:. :..^:.:. ::.:: ^. : .^....:: :. ^ .: .: .:.::..: .: .: ...^. :.:.: :..: :: :::...^: :: :^.::.^: :^ ::::: ::.::.:: ::.:: :.::^..:.::.: .:.:~:.^: :. :..:..:.:: :: ::.::.:^ ^^..:..:.:::.. ...::..::^: .
. . .: : . ...:. :: : .. .. ...:. :: ::..^... .:... .. .:: . . ...:..:. :. ::.:. :. ::.:..:.:. ^:.:....^..:. : :..: .: ...:..:.::.: .^..^^ ^:... :. :..:.....:..:..: .: :.:^: :: ::..:.:: :: :: .: .:.:: .. .. :. .:.:. .. ...: :. ::.:..:. : .:. :.:^ ...::.:. ^..^. ^..:..::.^..: .: :..:..:.:: :: :: .. .:..^..: .:.:::.^..^.:..:..::..::: .:..^..^..^. :..:.:. ^: :^..:..:..^.:^::: :^ ::..::.: :. .: :
:.~ :!:.! .~^.!^:!^ ^^.!.:~..~ ^^.!^ ~~ ~!:~!.:!.:!.^~.~!.:~^.~.^.^^:!:.!^ ~^.!~.~^.!:.!~.~~:!:~^.!^^~.:~:~:^!^.!..!:^^:!^.~::::~^.!^:!:.!^.!^.~^:!^.7~.~^^7^:!^^!~:!^:!^^!:~.^!: ~~.~~.^~:^!:!~ !!:~!.!!^!!.!~:!!.^~.!~:!^ ^^.!::!.~^.!^^!:.!:.!.:!:.!:^!.^!.~~.!~.~^^!..!^:!^:!^.!^:! :! .!^.^^:!:~^.~~ ~~.~!:!!.~~.:!:~!.~~^:~:~~:!^^!~:!!.!^~!.~!:^!^^!::!:.!^:~^!: !!.~!.:!:!!^~!:^!:^^.!!.^!:^!^.~ ~!.~~.~
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . .. . .
^!:.!..!..~^.~^:~^.!^.!:~~ ~! :^:!~ :!.^!.^!..!.:!.:!.:!.~~.!:^^.!~:!~.!^.!~ ~!::~.!~.!^:!^.~.!^.!^:!^!!.!^:!^:~!^~^:!..!::!.!.~!.!^.~^:!..!::!^.!~:!^:!!~!~^!~^!^:!~.!:^~^!!.~~.!7:!!.~!.~::!~ ~!.^!.!~:!!:~!:!!^~!.~~.!:.!^.!^.~ ^: ^^ !.^!::!:!!:^! ~~.!! ^~:!:^7..!^.!~.~~.7^^!.:7.~!..!.~!.~!:!~.^~.!!:^!.^!^^7::!.!7^^!^:7!!!.7~^!!^!!:!^^!::!^:7^.7~^!!:~~~!:!!.~!^^!::7^^!^:!:~!.:7.~!.~!..!.^!.~!.^! ^
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .... . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . ..... . .. .
^ .^ .: :. :: ^: ^.:^. ^..:.:. :. :: .^ .: ^ .^ :^ :^ : .. : :. ^: ^:.^: ^^ .: :..^ .^ .^.^. ^.:^ :..^.:^ : ^ .~..: : .: :: :: :. ^ .^. : :~.:^..~:.~:.~..^:::..^..:.^. ^. ^:.^. :: ^: ^^ ::.:: :: ^~ .. :: :. :: .. .. .. . .. :. . :..^ .^..^ :^ :. :: ^: : .: ^. ^: .:.:... .. .^ :^ :: ~^ :~ .: ::..: :: ^^.:^ .^ ^^.^ .^ .^ ^..^ .~..^..:.^^ ::..:... :..^^..: :: :^ .^ :^..:.^: :: :: .: .: .: .
. .. :. . :. :. . ... . : ...:. .. : . . .. .. .. : .. . . .. :. ^. :. .. ...: . . .. :..: :..: .: . . .. . :... .. .. .. : : : .: .:. :. :..: .. .. :..: . :. ...:. :. :: .: :: .: .: .. .: .: .. :. . .. :. ...: .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . : :..:..: .. .: .. .. :. ::..: .: .. .. .. .. .: .: .. : .^ .^. :. : . .: :... ::..: .. :. .. .: .: :: :.::... :. :. .. .. .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . .
.^ .^ :~ ~..^. ^..^: ^ .^ .: :^ :: :^ .^ : .^ .^ :^ .^ .. ^..^ .. :. ^ ^. ^: :: ^. : .^ .: ^..~..: ^: ^. ^. ^. ^ :: :..^ :~ :^ ^..^ .~..~. ^..^ ~:.~. ~..~. ~..~..^ :: ^: ^. :. ^: ^: :: .^ .: :^ .^ :^ :: ^. ^..~: :: :. ^: :. ^ :. ^ ^..: .: :^ :^ :^ .^ ^. ^..~ ~. ^. ^. ~..~ .^ .: :: :: :^ .: :^ :^ .^ :: :^ :^..~ :~ ^:.~: ^ ^: ~ .! .^. ^:.^ .~..^..^ ^^ .^..~ ^^ .^ :~ .~..^ ^: ^. :^ :^ :^ :. :
: : ^ ^ :. ^^ ^. ^..^ : .. :: :. ^ .^ .: .^ .: .^ ^ : : .. : ^. :. ^. :: :. :. ^. : : .: .: .: :. : ^. ^ .: ::.^ : .: :: :..: ^. ^. : .^. :. ^..: .^ .^..: .^ .. :. :. :: ^. :: .. .: .: .: .: .: .. ^. ~. :. :. :. . : .. . : : .: .. :: .. .: : ^ ^ ^. ^: :. : .: .: .^ .: :. :^ .^ :: :: :: :: :^ :^ .^ .: ::.~. ~. ~. ^..~ .^..^..^..^..~. ^ .: :^ .^ :^ :^ .~ .~ :~ .^ :^ :^ :: ^: :: .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . .. . .
. . . . . .. . . : . .. .. .. . . : . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . :. . . . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .: . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. : .. . . .. .. . :. . .. : :. . .. .: . . . .. . . . .. . . . .: .. .. .: ..
.: : : : :. : : : : .. .. .. .. .: .: . .: : .. .. :. . .. . . . : .. . : : . . .: .. .. : : : : . .. : . .. .. .. .. . : .. : . : : :. : : . .. .. .. :. .. .. .. .. .: .: .^ .. . . : .. .. : : . .. . . . : .. .. .: .. . : : : :. . :. : : : : .: .^ : :... .: .. :: .^ .: .: .: : ^. : : :. :. :. :. :. : . .. .^ .: : .: .^ .^ : .: .: .^ . .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
We're dedicated to making frontier technology work for the realities of emerging markets.
. . .. . . .. . .. . ..... :....... . .... ... ......:...:..:..:.::~^.^:.::..:.....^^::^..:
.^:!!!!!~~!^!!~!!!!!!7!~!~~!!~!~^~:^!^~~~^~.^!~!!~^!:~!^!!~!!~!!!!!!!!!77!!7~!!~!!!777????7??7??JJ?J??77~777??????J^
.~:^:.::.:::~^:^^::^:^::~^:^:.:. :..:..:..^.:~::^..^ .~~^^^:^.^^:^^^~^:::..:.:. ^^^~~:!~~!~~7!777777?JJ?7??777~77~!!^^ .
:~^~!::~^^~^^^^~.^!^:^. . ::.^:....:: :~. . .~~!!~~!~~^~!!!!!:.^:^~~~^:~. :^^^^:^!~^~~!7??!~?J?????7???77!7!^7777??JYY.
.: :^!7!~~~~7:~!!!!:^!!!!: :.^::~~..... :..::.. .!~~^^!!~!7~!!777!~!:.~~~~.~~^!::~~.^::~:.~~^!^^7!:!~!7777?JJJJJYYJYYYYY5YY7??JJJJJY: 7^
..^^:~~. ...:.^: .^!. . .:::.. :: . . .:^!^:~777!~~:.^:.::...::^:.....^:.::.^^^!!!~:.:::^!~~^~!~~~~!!7??7??77?JJ?J????~!Y?^^:.
77!!7!!!~^^:^7!!!!7^:~~~~77. :.^.^::!7~:~.. ^. :..:. ^.^!77777??7?777!!77!!!!7!777~7!~7!!77!7!77?JJJ?7!!7~!!77???7?77?JJYYYYYY55YYYYY55YYJJJJJ77
.~~~^~:...^~~~^^^^.. .:~~~^ ..: .... . .... .:.~~~!~:^^~^~^^^^^~:.~::~~!!~!!^~^..:.:^.~~!7777!~~~^!:^!!77777!7!!?77J!!77??7JJ?7JJYJJJ7~7~
... :~!!!~.:^^~~!!!^ ..:~~^.. :~:^..~^ :. .:.:..: ^^:::7??~!7?7?JJJ??7~~:^~^^~^!??JJYJ7!!~:^^:!~!!77JJJJ7!!~.7!7??????????7?JYY7??7?JJYYJJYYYYY55YYYY7:
^:~~~!~. ...~!!!~!. .^:.~^.~. ~~^:: .^ ^:.~. ~: :.:!^ :^:7!777.!777?JY!~7~:!.:~~!77JYYYYY: ::~~~~^77????JJJY?.:!:7?JJJYYYYYYJ7?JJYY55YYYJYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY555Y.
...::^^^.::::... ^~~: .....^: .. . ..:..:.:..^:^~..^^^~^^77:.::^~^!!^~. . ~. :^~!7?~^!!. .::.::~~7?JJJ~... .: .::^^:!777?J7~~^77777??!!77777!!!7???JYJ?7JJJYJ~
.!~77!!77^!:.!~^7!7?7!:.^^^^~~!!:.. ^!:.^.^:.!~:^!^~~^!~^!^777?JJJ?^^7??JJY?7~^:^7^^!!7?JJJJY?!~~~~!!!7~^!!7JJJY5J!.:~^!^:!!~!!!!?YYJJ?7Y!!?JY55555555555YYYY55555555555PPJ?.
. .. .~^:^^~~. ^^:...!!^~: .... . .. .. .... ::.^:.:.:::.^^~7???!~.:~!!!!77~:.^::^::~^~~~~^~!: :^~~!!~~!!77?7??!^. ...:.:^::^^~~~!!7!~^~:^!::~!7??????77?7~^~~!7!~~7??????J!:.
^7::!!!!!^!7^. :::~~!?7::::^~^.~~^~...:~^.~. ^~~!~!7?YJ^~!~:~~7!7JYYY!7!!???JJJJJ~~~!~!!~!77?J7~~^~~^^!~7?JJJYYYYYYYJ7~::^!!~!!!!!~!7?J???JJJJ?77!:.^~7?JYYYYYJJJ??7??J?!7?JJJJJJY555YJ!.
^!~~^^..^^~^ .!^.~7?7~ : .:: .:. :. :.^: .. ^~.!?7~~:.:^~::!.:7?JJJ7.!!!~??????7^^^:^~~^!7??! ^!^~^:~~!??JJ???JJ?7~!. .^~^!^^!!77777^7??J7~7^^: ~^.~^^7JJJJJJ?JYJJ?77??????J??J??JJJJJ~ : .
.~^:^^!!~..^.~^..~!77777!: .: .:.:^:.^^~^ ^.::.^!!7JJ7^~!:^~::~!!!!!7JY?7!!7???JJJYY?~^^^:.:~!??:^. :~::~^^^~!7?JJ???JY? ^~7!!!7JJJJJJJ!^7???JJJ7!7^^^^.^:~^~~!77JYYJJJYJJ?77!!~^.!~^!!!7!!??7??J5J~
.^~!!!!7~!7!^~~!!~777??7~...::^ :^.~^:^!!^ .^:~!7777JYY:~!~7^:~:^77??JJ?J^!!~~7?JJYYYJJY!!:~^^!7??^.!~~^!!~~:!!!JJJJYYYYY!^:!!!7!7?JJYYY57^7~7??JYYYYYJ7~!~^!~!~^7!~77?555555555YYYY?!?JYY?Y?JYYYYY55Y5P^7^
.::^:^. .:..:::^^~^...:..... .:....::.^^..:^:^!!!?77?7~.^^^~: .::^:^!~~:..::~777?!??~!77~...:.:^:.:.....^:.::^~~777???!~:.:^!~~!!7?????77^.::^~~!7!!77!~^^:~^.:::^^:~::!!~!???7?????7777~^::~^~!!77!~~~!^7Y?~:.
.:^!7~~7~~!!7~ ~7!~77777~^!!:!~!!7!~ .!~!~!!7^^^.777J7!JJYYY~!!!7~~7^~!7!7J?7.:77777JYYYYJYYYYYJ7!~77!~: ~!!!!~!!^!!7???JYYYY~^!!!~^77?JJYYY5YY?7^7777JYYYYYYYYY7!!!!:!!!!7777?7???JYYYYY555555YYJ?7??7?7????JJJJJYY5555?.
..^~~^.::.^^^:^.:^^:~^::. ::.~^.^:.: ::~^::: .:~~~^^::^~7?: :. :. :.:~!!7!.^:.~~!!!7??77~~!!!!^^^.:..^: :^^::.:::~~!77!77J7^.:~:~..!!77?7?????!~.:^^~!777???77^:^:::.~~~~~~!7777?JJJJ?????JJ?JJ??????!!^^~^!77?7!!!~~!!77~~:.:.
. .^^!77^ !!77!~~!^!!^~ ^:~~:^:~~:!:.~^:~!?7~~: ~!!7?77???JJ!^~~!^~7~~!7?!~7~~!~~!!7??JYYJ??JJJ?!.^:^^~^!!^!!~~!~~!!777?JJJY!^^^~~~~!~!77?JJYYJYJ77^!!:~77JJJYYYJ7!!~!!^!!~!7?Y5555Y555YJJYJJYYYY55555YY??!!7777!??7?J???7JY555Y55Y!.
:!~^~~~~~~~^.~~.~^.:^:^~~~ . ^~..^^::^^.~^^~:^!~!^.~~^7!!7!~???J~:!~~!!~!!~!~~~::~:^!^.!!7????^77^!7~^:.~^^~^.:~^!^^~~^^~:~77?J?J: ^:.:^:~~!7!7???JJJJJ?7~!::~~!7?JJ??7^^~^~~:~~~77??????~!??7JJJJJJJJY7?Y?JY55YJ?????77?JJ?7??JYJJYYYY5555~ ~~
.:~::^:^~^~^^. . .:.:^:.^^ .: ::::.^:.:::^:~77777?~^^:^~~777?77?!::.^~~!777???7~::^:^~~~~~7!!7?7?7?????. .^^:.^:.^^:~~~^^:~!~!?J?~^^:^~~~!7777~77?JJJJJJJ?7!^::.^:^~:~7~^^:^^ ^^:^^7JJJJJ?7~^^^..^:^~.^~~!~~!!JYYYYYYJJ?????7J?!7!!~^~!!?JJJJJY???!!!777:
..^^:^~!!7!~!!!!!7!!~~!^!~^!!!:^~.~^.!~^:~~~!^^77??JJJ!~^:!!~?7?JJJY?~?~:~~7??JJJJJJ~77~!!!!!7?77JJJJJYYYYYYY?.:!.^!~!!.!!!!7:!7!7??YY^^!~:!77??JJJJ!:??JJJ??7!?7!?!~~ ~~~~..!:!!~!7.~!~77!JYYYY57!!!7~^!~~^^7!~77??!7JY5555YYY5555YYYY55YY?JJJJJYY5555YYYYYJY!^ .!: .
. :::~^^^.^~^^~^^~. ...:. ....:. ...::^^::^^:^:^!!77~^~::::^^~777!^:.::^::^~!7!!77!~!::::^^^^^^^^~!!7777777?^.:::: .. .. .^..^.:!~!7?!. :::~77777!!~~::!7!??77~.^^~!^....... .. .^.:^.:^^!!~777??~::.....:::^!~^:^^^~^^^^!!!7??J7!JJJJ???J???7?7???!~~!7777!~~~^::^7~~7?!!!~:::.....
^:.7~!!!!7!!!~777?JJ!:. ...!~ !~ ^7^~!~~?7????J?????JJY5YJ!!!!!!777JY7~~^:~!!!!!7?YYYYYY?7~~!!!!77777?JJYJJYYYYY?7:!^!7:!!:^!!~7. !7?JJJJ77!!77JJJYY?7??777!?JJJYYYYYYYY77!!:~!!!~!!~~!~!!!!7?JJYYYY55?~7!^..~77JYYYYJ?7777.~77!7??Y5YY55YY5555555555555YJYYYYYYYYYYYY5YYYY5YY55YYYYYYJYJ^~^. !Y^.. .
::.!~!!!7!!!7!~!!^^. .:^^^::: ^. .!~^~~^~!!~:~777777777^^::::^^~~~~~!~:.:^^^^:^~~^!7777^:~:~~!!!!!!!77??????~77::. :.^:.~^~^~^.^.:!??J7!:.~^~7777!!7~:~:.~~~7!777????????~.::.:^: :^:::^~!~!7!!7?7???J~.:^!~^^^!77?77!!!~^~.^^~~^^^:!7JJ7?7777!!7~^!!7JJJJYYYJJYJJJJ????7!^77!~^?JJ????7~7J!. ..^7!?~. .~. .
~7^. .^7!^:!7!77??????~!7::::~~^~~~:^^~!!!77???????7????JYYYJ7!~~~ :~^~~~!77J?~~!:^^~^^^~~~!~!!~~!!!!7JJ?????JYY57?J?!!^.^^~~~~^.~~~~~~!JJJY5Y~:^~^~7??J77!!7?7!:^!!777?JJYYYYYYJ7~~!^~~~~^^^:~~~^77?J?7J?JYYYYJ~^^!!!!!7??JJJJJJ?JJJ?!!~~!7~!7~JJJ?J??7~77!!7?J??JJYYYYYJYYYJJJJJ?~7????JJJJJ?JJJ?7???777777JJJJ??J?7~!?YP!
.~:!777!!77??7?77???!^.^^.: .^..^^::~~.^7!7??777JJ?J?????????^~. ~~:~.~~~!77J7!7!:^~.~!~~~^^~!!: ^~!!77??!!~!!!777~?7?J!^~^~~:.^~~~~~~^!77JJJJY7.:^^~!77777^7??JJ~77^!!7?JJYYYYJ!7!:^~~~:~^:~~!7~!!!7J??J?JJYYYYJ?J7!:!!!?JJJ?JJJ7JJJYJ?JJJJJ??~!~ 77?JYYYJJJJ??!?JJJJJJ?7~.!7JYJJJ?YJJJJ?JJJJJJYYYYYYYY5YJJJJJJJJJJJJYYY5YYYY5Y~
...:: .!:^7777!!7!!~^~~:~... . :::::::...^:^^:~!??J?7?J???7~^::^:...^^:^^^~^~!!7777^.^~..:.:^::^^^:.^:.:..~7?7!:~~~!!^!!.:^ .: .:..^..:... :^.:^::: .::^~7777!!~!777!:::^~!!!!7?J?77^:..:^^~~~~~!~~7777~~7?JYJJJJY?:.::::.^~~~!~~!???!?JJ?7?J?!7??77^::~^:~!77777??77!~^~!!::: :^^!777?7?77?7???!7~:^~!7??7??7~!77!!~~~~~~^!!JJJ??JJ?77~^.:^::::^^.
. .~!7777?7!?7?J?J?77!!~!~~~.~^!!^~!!!!::~!!!!!?JJJJJJYJJJJJJ??JJJ??77~!!!!!!:~7777JY5^^~^77~~!!~~:!!~!~.~^!!^:77!77^7!?J!~7!^~~.^~:^.~!^~~:!!~^~.!~:!!~^!^^?!?JJJJ7YYYY57??~J?!7:~??JYYJYJ!7!!7!^7!7??J7?JJJJJJJYJJY55Y~~^!!~!!!!!~!!~77JJYYYJYY5Y55YYYYYJ??777~!7^?JJJJYY5YYJJ??777~~!!!7^?JYYYYYY55YYYYY55Y55YYYYYY5YYYYYJ?777!77!???JJJJJY7JY55Y??JJ^. .
. ...: ^~~!~77!^~~~~::::....::^^:::~~:::.... ...:^:~!!~!~~~^~~~~^^!!!!~~^::^^:..:.::^~!~:: ....::::....::... ..^^::^~:::.^^^^. :. ...:.......: ..... :. .:..::^~^^~~~~^!!!~~..:...:^.:^^^^^:^^....:.:^^^!7777777?7!!!7!~~~ ......::^::^:^!^~77~~~~~^^!~!~^~!!7!~::..:.:.:^^~~~!7!!77~!~::::.:.:.:~~~!~~!7??77!~~!7!!^~!!!7!!7!77:^~:::.^^:~!~^::~7?7?777!~:~~^...~..
.:....~??7!777!7!77?????7!?7!7.^7~~~~!!7??JJJJJ!7!.~!!!!~!!777JJJJJJ77JJ?JJJY55?^~!:!!!!~!7J??7YJ7~!:~!~~~^!~^~~!!!!!!77777777??JJ?5J.^~.~!~~..~.:~.^~~!^:!!~~!~!~^~~^777????JYJ?!7?J7^:!!^~!~!7!!~^~~~~~~!..!7777!?JJJJJJYYYYY5Y?.~~::..!~~~!~!!~!!?JJJYJJYJJJ~?J!77~7?J55YJ?77?7!!!!!~??JYYYY5YYYJYY?7?!!!!77!777JYYYJYJJJJJJYJJYJJYYYYYYYJJJ?77!77!77~77~??JJ??JJYYYYYYYYJ?JJJJJJ?
^~^!!~!!777~~^~!!7!~~!.:^::^::^:.~::^:~~^~!!!~~~ .:. ::.:~!~~!!!!:::^^.~777777^:..:^^~.:~..~???.:~:.^..~~~: ^..~^:~^:!!!!^~77::!~7~~^ .^:.:. .^:.~^^^~!~:~!!~~^~~!!!~77!77!.: :^..:.:^ :^.:^:^:^~:.^:^~. ^~:~~~~!^~!?77JJJ?!::.:::. .!::^^:~^:~^~7!7??7?^~!:!7.:~....^7???JJ77!:::::~:^~~!!???J?!!777!7!.~~:~^:!~~77~!~!!!77777!7??????77!7???~^^:^:.^~^~^~~~:!!!!77777??7????7?7
:. ^!~^~.~7~77!77!!!~^~~:^.::..^^^!:^~~~~~~!!~??!^.^.:^..^:^^:~!!?JJJ!~.:^^:~~~!~7?. .^: ^^^~~~!~~!7~!!~~^^~^^~~~~!7???77??J???J?JYJJ?!::^^:^~^::^:.~:::::^~~~77?JYYJJ??JYJ?777!~~!^^^::^::^^~!~^!:...:^:^^:~~:~~:!~~!?????7777?YYYY5YJ!!~~~~^~~7!~^~~~~^777J?7?J?77?7?YJ?7~~!~~^.~^!?JYYYJJ~^^^~^^~~^7JJYJJ???JYYJ?7?7~~^~~~~^~:~!!!!^!~!7!!?7??7?J?JJYJ7~^^^~7::^:~~~~!!!7!~!~!7~7??777????
^^!!~~!~!!!!7!7!~~~~~~~^~:^~^~~~!!!!!!~!!777?7??!!!~^. .^.!!.:^^!77?J?^!!^ ^~!!7~!~!!~:.. .:^~~^^!~~~^:^.^^^~^~~~!!~!!!!77????J?JJJJ7!!!7^~^~~:~~^^..^^:^^~~^!77??7!7???7!~:!^:^~~~^:~~^^~ ^!~777JJYYJ!:..:~^!~.~!:~!!????JJYJJ??JJYYJJJJJJ7!!^!:.~^~~^^!~~!.^!!!77!7^:!::J??J?7~^!:^~~~!~!7?JJJJ7!!!::!!~~~!!7JJJJYJYJYYJJJ?777!!!!~~~~!~~!^^!!~7~7!7??JJJJJJJ??777^~~^!~~~!:~!^?77?????77?7????
.. ^ .^:^~~~~^^~!!7!:^.:^:~~.:^^^^^~~!!7!~!~^!~!~^~^:^:.::.:..^^^~^::~~??^~^. . .~^^^..^ : .: . .^^:^^:::.......::::^~~~!!7???!!^^..:::. .: .. ......:::^:::^~~~777???!~::::.:.^:::::::.:^^:^^~~~777???!^....:::^:.:^..:::..^~^7?7!7????7!!.^!!~~^~:....::.^^^~^^~~::^^!~^~^~!^!7~!~...:^^::^^~~777??!:. .:^.:^^^:^~~!!!!7?777?777!^^^.:.::~^:^^^::::::^^:.!!.~7?7!^^^.:^:^..^^:^::!!~7~77!~.:^^^~~
~!77~~~!~~~7~!7~~7!!777?7!~ ~7!!77!7!7777?JJ7?J?^~7~~7!!!.~~^~!~!!!7~^7~!JJJJ??7.. :!:^^!7.:!:~~.^^:~~!!~~?.:!!!!!7.~!^!!~!!7????JJJYYJJ~~^^7!!!!!!~.!~.~:^!~~!~~7~!!^7??JJ?JJYY57!~!!!!!7:~7^~!!!!!~7~!??JJJYYYY57!J~!??!7???~77^!~^!~~!~!!7JYYYYYYY5YJYYYYY577!~~!!!~!~!!~!7!!?!!77^?77?:!J77?~^~!:^.!7~7?JYYYYY?7!~!77!~!!!!!!:77?JYY5555555Y555??!!!~?????77!~!7!!^:77~?J?JJJYYJ??77~.~!:7!7!7?JJYJJ?^!7~!??
^::^.:~^:^::^^:::~~:^^:::~~.^~^^^^~^^:~::::^..:^:::..:... ....::::^~:.~.:!^:^:.:. ..:... ..... ::..:::::~. ..:^: .^.::~~~~!^^!7~!~^~^.::^~~::. :. . :..:::^:^~:^~:^^^~!~!!~:^ ...:^^:: .: ...::..::^!~!????~:~.^~~7??7?77!::. ^^:~^::.::::^^~~7?7777?7!!!^...:~^^::^::^::^:.:^^~~~!^:^.^^.^!:^^..^.^: :.:~~!77?7^^^::^.....^:.:^^^^:~!~~^!777!!!7!~^.:^:~7!^:.::.:..::^^^:^^:^^^^!~!: .. ::.:::^^:~7~^!!:~~!
!:~!~!!!~!~~7!~!~~!:!~^7?JJJ???7J!!~::~:.~^!!!!!~!~:~!~^!:^~!!!~!777?777^!!^~~^7!^~^!!!:~!!!7^^!.~!^^7!~~!!!~^!~~!!~~7!!?JYYYYY7JJ!7~:!!~!!~!!.~~^!~.!~~77!777?^??YYYYJ???YJ~7.:~^~~.^!^~~^~~~!!~~!~!7!7??JJYY!~^7!7?YYYYYYYY!~!~~!!!7~!7~:~~~!!!~7?7??JJJJJ7!7~~77~!!!77!7~~7~777?JJJ5??YJJJ7?JYJJ?77~!^^!~^77J5YYY55YYYY?~~!^!!!!!~!~:!!!!!7?7JYYYYYYJJ?77Y55YYYJJJJ7777777777!!7!7?JYYJ?7777.^!:~~:7??YYYJ???
^:^^^:...:.:^:.::^^.:::~!~~!~~:.^.:::~~~~^^^^^^:.::.^~::^:^^^^~~!!~^^.^^.:..:.:^^...... .:.:^.:^ :. .^..::^::.~~~~^^~!!77777!!^.^.:^:.^..~^.:^.:^.^^^~::!!^!~^~.^!!!!!7!~~~. : .^.:: .: ...:^.:~^~!:~!~!!7~!~.^..~~777????^.:^^~^^~^^~^~~ .~~~^~^:~~:.~!!!~!^^~^~!!.::.^^.^::!~!!~~7!^!^^~^7!!!!7!!!^~.:^:^~^~~!!^^77~7!777!~:.:::^^:^^:^~~^^^~~~~^~!!!7~^^.^!7777??7J?77?!~~~^~^^^^^!^^!7?J??~ ^~.::.^^.~!77???
.^^^^. .:. ..:^^~~:~!!!7~~:.~ ^~^^^^~!~:~^:!..^~~~~~~:.:.^!~~~^!!^^^:::~~~~!!^!~: ^~^^~~^^: :^:~~:.^:^~~^~7?????7!?J??777?!~^...:^^:^~:^^^~!~~!~~7!!?J?JY?^.:^^^~~^^:^^:^..^~~~.:^:^:.^~!!7~!!!??????J5?^^..^^7??????J?:~:~~^^^~~~~!!!!~!~~!~~~~~~~^^^:~!77!!!!!!:~~::^::: ~!7??JJJJ!!?7~~~^7777!7^~^~~~^~^!!7!!7?7?JJ?JJ?7^::^:~~~^~^^!~^:.~~~~..:~^~~^~^^!!!7~777JJ7?JJ??7~^^^^~~!!^:^?YJJJ7?!^~~.^^~^~:!???
^^~^~~!~~!!!!!!~~!!^!~^~.:^^~~.^~^~!~^!^^~^~!~:!~!!~!!:^~^!!7!~~~:.^.:~~~~~?J7^! ::^^~!!!!~~^^~!~~!^^!:^!~^!7??77!7?JJ7?JJJJ^^~~!!^^~.~!^^!!!!~!7!!!!77!?~^~^^!~~~~^!^.~:.~:.~.~^:~~^!!:!7!7!.?7??J?????7^^!!~~7???J?JJ?!~!:!~!!!^!~~!!!~^!:^!^:~~~~:^~..~^~~!7!!!!~!~^!~.!~.~!7??777:7~:!^!7~7!~!7!~!^~!:~^.!~^~!!77JJJJJ??!~^!~~!!:^~:~~~!~~~~!~~!!~!!~~!~~!~~!777?JJJ??JJJYY7777!!!7!7!~!???JYY7!!!!~.~7~.7??
..:^:^^~^^^~:.:^:^^:~~^^::^.::..:.:^:.:.:::^~~:^..:.:^..::^^^^^::::^::^^!7!7^:^:.::^^^~~^^^::::~~!~::~^:~^~!!~~~~~!7?7!!^^~~::^:^^:.::::::^^.^::^~~^^~^.::.:::::::: :: :..:..::^^~~^:^~^~~~!!^!!!!~^!?!~^.:::^~!7??7!~~::::.::^~^:^:.^^^^^^^^^:::^^^::^:::::::^^:^::~^:~~:^:^^:.^:^~^:^. ..::::^:.::::.::::..^^:::.::^~!!!^!!~^!~!!~:^^:^^^^:^^:^^.:::.:::::::^::::^~~~^!!!?J7??77!~^~^^^:^:^~~^~!~!7!^~^^~^^~~~
!77777?7!!~7^.!!77!7???J!~!:~!~!7~^?77777??77!!7^~~^!7!7777?JJ~~!!!?!JJYYJ!7~!7!77!!?~!7777777?J?7?77??JJJJJJ?JYYJJJJJ!7~777777!7!!7!~77!??~777?!?J?7?7^7!!!~~!!!!!^!~^!!~!~~!^~!7?JJJYJJYYYYYYYYYYY??~~7~~77??JJY77?~!!:7!~!7!!!!!!~7!!7!!777!!7^!7!!7!!!!!7^^!!!!!!!7777!7~!~^7!!?~77!!7!!!!!7~!!~~!~~7!!!!~7!!!^!7777?7!~77??JJJJYYY7??~????777!!7!!!~!77!77!!!!77~!^!??JJ?JYYYYYYJJ?7777^!77?JJ55YYJ7???J???
.:^^:^:. ..^. ::^~^^!~:: .:..^:^^..:.::.:^...^^: ...^:.:~~!^^: :~:.:..:.:. ...:..^..:.:^^^^^~!~~~:~^~7!!7!~~^^^^....^^.::.::^^..^^:~^:^:.^: ...^..~^.^. :.:~::^^::..^:.^:.:.:^.:^^!7!7?!!!!!7!7!77?!.~:.^::^~~:^^^..^.:^.~^.::...::^::^::.:^^^:::.:^^^~^:^::: .:::...:::..:.::..:.:.:.::^:::....::::^::^.:::::.:: ^^::^:...^~~!7!77^^!^^: :^~~^::..^^:^:.^^^~:^~^~^:.^..^:^^.:^~!!~~~^^^::: :^^^~::!7?J7!!~!!~~
.:~~^~!~~!!!!!7?7???JJJ?:^7^~!!!!~!~.~~:^!!!7~!!:~!~~!~!????~!!!7!!^:^^.~~~~!^~~^~~~~!~!~~7!~?7!7?7?7?J?JJJ??!J?7!!~~~!~~~~~!~~:~7777!!!^!~^~~^~~^!!!!!:!!!!!!!~!!!!!!~!!!!7!!!!!7?JJJYY?JJJJJJYYYYJ???7?7~!~~~^~~^~!~!~!!!~^!~~~^!!!!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!^7!!!~^~~!!~~!^:!~~!~~!!!!!!!!^~!!!!~!~^!!~!~~!~~!!~~.!!~~!~~~!!!!77!!??JJJJJJJ????77!!7~.!~!!^~!~^!~~777!777^:!~!~~!~^~!!?J???7!!~^~:!!^!!:~!?JJJ?J????J
.:..:::!::~~^7!~~~:^:.^..: :~~.. :^ .:..:..:... :^.:!!~^^:: ^:.:... ...:^.:. :: :::~^~~.:!~^~^~!^!!!!!^~!!:!:~~~!~^..^^^^^^^^^:^^^^^:^^:...:^.^:^~:.^:.~^^~.:~.:^^:~::~!^!!^!~!!!!~~7~~!7!7!77!^~!!~~!!:.^^:^^ ^^.^:.^^^^^^^^^^:.^^^^^^^:^~^.~^^.^~^^^.^^^^^^^^^^:.::.^^^^..^.:~^:^^.~:^^^.^^^^:.~:.:.^^^^^.^^^^^:^:.:^^~!~!!!!!!???J?7?7???!~^:~^^: ^^^^^^:~:.^~~7^^~^^^^..^^^^~~^!!777!^~:^~::~:^~~!!77!!~777
:^^~~~~!77777?J7..^^.^^:~~!!!!.:^^^::~~^~7!777?????J?77^^.:~!!~~!~^~~~~~~!7777?7777?J???7?J?7??JJJ??7?JJJJJ7!77!.:^^^:::..:^:::.^:.:::^^^^~^::.:^~!:^~~~!^~!~!!~~^^~!7777?JJJJJJ?7??77!7?7!!^^:. :^^:^.^^^~~~~^^^^~~^.^~^^::::^^^:^::^::^:^~~^^^~~~^^^:^^~^:::^^:^^..^...:^::::::.::.....^.::^^:..:.::::^:::::^... .^:~77!~~~~~!~!~~!7777?7?J^.^^^~~^^:^::^~^~~~!7??J??!!7!^!7!~^^~~^^:^^:....:::::^^:.:~!~~~^:.
!!!!~!!^!~^!~^:^~!~~~~~!!7!:!!.!!7?7~77:~????J???J?!^7?7?77!~!!~!!!!~~7777??7!777???J!7J???7??7??~??7!J7J?!^7:^~::~^^~~!!^!!:~!.!!:^!!!!!!~^!!!~:^!~^!!!!!:!~^!~^!^!7~!?7!??JJ!7?:!!!!!^~7:!!:~!.~!~^7.:!^~!^:~^~~~~!~~!^~!!^^^~^^!!!!~~!~!!^~~~!~~!~!!~!!~!~:~!!!^^!!~!!^!~^!!!!!!7!!!!!!!!!~~!!!!~^~!^~~~~!!~:!!.~!:~^.!77?7~7????~!7!!??J?!~~!!~.!!^^::!~~!~!!!????JJJ?7YJ?J?77!^~7!~!!!!!!!:~!!!77777777!!77
^~~::^^.::...::::^:^^::^::: :~.^~~~!^:~^^~!~^^~!!!^.:~:~7777~^^^^~!7!!?77???7!77!77?7^^^^^^:.^:.^..:..^^:^^:^..:.::::..:..:::::.::::^^^^^^:^~^^^::^^:~:.::.^..^^^~^~!~7?777~~^:::.:..:..:::::.::..: .:..:.::..: .:^:..:^:.:^::::::^:::..:::^::^::^^^:::....^^..::::....^: .:::^:...:::^^^:.....:.::....:^::::^::^^:^:.^..^^:~!^!?7!!~!77??^^!~^!:.:^~^..^:^^^^:.^^~!!?7:~~!?!~!~^~!~^~^:^::^::^::::::^:::.^~::^:
^!77777!7?7!!!7^!!^77:7!^!!:??7????JJ?JJJJJJJJY?7??7J?7?J?JY77^^7!~?????JJ7????!~?~7?~!7777!^7~~77!77!7!!!!!!~77!!!!7!!7!~!!~77777777777???!JJJYJJYY??^~7!!7~!777?JJYYYY5YYY77~!!~!!~7!~!!~!7~7!.!7:~7~77!!7^!7^!7!7!!7?^~777777!!7!^7!!!7!7!77!7!~7!^!~!!!77~~!!77!77!!7!!77777!!!7!!77!7^!7!!!^!!!!!^77^77~!!!!!!7!!7~7????JJJJYYYYYYJJYYY5555YJ?777~77777~7!!7!~7~?!~JJJ5YYYYYYY55YJ777~7!^77!7!~77~77~77????
.::..::^^:.. . .: :: .^.:^.:~::~~~7~^::^^^~~^::.:~^:^^^~.:^ ::.^:.^^::.:: ...: :..^..^.::.:^::^:^^::^.:^:.:.^^^^:.::^^:.::.:^^^~~^.:^.:^^.::::..:..: .:..::~~^:~^^~^^^^^^:.. ::.^::::.:^.:^.:^.:: .^..:.:: ::.::.^:.:^.::::::^:.:..:..^^::.^^.:::^:.^..:.::.. .:::^^:::::::^::::..:.:... .:::^.::.:^:^^.:^..:::::::....^:^!!^^^!7!~!7^^!~!!^^^^^^.^^..:^.:.^^^^..:.::.^~:!?77!~^~~77!.::.:^.^:.::.::.::..^~!!:
~~~^~!^:!~~~^:^:~^^!!!!777?7??7?JJJJ7!77?JJJJ~~!~~!~~!~~!~!!!!!7!!~~^~~~~~^~~~!!~!!~~~!!~~!~!7?77~~!~!!!!!~^!~!!!!!:~!~!!!!!~~~^^~!!!!!~^!~^!!~~!^~~~!^^^~^!JJYJJYJ^^^^!~~!~~~~!!!7!~!~~!!:!!~~~~!!~!!!~!!!!!!!~!!~!!:~!!!!!~~~!!!!!!!~~!:!!~!!^!!~!!!!~^~^^~:^^.!~~!!~^~!!~~!~~!~~~~~~^^^^^~~~!~!!~!!!!!^!!!~~~~!~^~^^^^~~!JJ77?7?????77???77J??J7~77!^!!!!!!!77!!~~~~^~!77??JJ?????J?7!~~7~~~~~~!~^~~!!~^~!77!
^^^::^. ^:^^ ::.^: .~^^~~~~.~?~:~~~!~~!!^^^^^ :^.:^^^^:^~.:^^^^^^^^^:^::~^.^^:^^.^^:^::~~^~:.~^~!:^^^^~.:~^~~~~~^~!.:^ ^::^^:^^:~^:^!^^::^..::^^:.^^:~.^~:^!~:!!!7~^~.:^:^^^^:^~^.~:.~:.^~.^^.^^:^:.^::^^.~^.^^^:^:~~.^^^^^.:^.^^^^:^^^^^:~~.:^:~::~^:~::~::~::^.^^^^^~^^^^::~^:~~^~^:^^^~^^^^^~.^^^^^^:~::~^~::^^::^^~~^:~.~~^~!:~~~!~:!~^!!!7^~!~:~:.::^^^.^^^~^^~^^^:~.~~~^!77777??J???7!~~^^^^^~~~~^^:~~^~^:
.:^:.^..: .^^:^^^^~^:^^~~^~~^~.~!~~~.:::^. :^.^^:^^^^::^^:^:.^^:::^^:^^.^:^^^^^:.^^^^:^^^^^^:^:^~^^^:.^^^^::^^^^:^~:.^:.::^^^^^^~^:^^:^:^~~:^^^~::::::^^^:~~:.::~~^:^:~~^^:..:^~^:^:^^^^^:.^^^:^:^~.:^::^^:^^~^^^~^^~:::^^::^^:^^:^^:^:^::~^:^^:::.^^:~::^:^^:^^..:^^^^::^^^^^^:^^^^..::^^:^^^~~^~~^^~::::^~~~~^^::^^::^:^^.^~^^^:^::~^:^~:^^~~^^^.:~:::::^^.:..:::^^^^~~^^~~~~!!!~~??77!7??7!^:^^^~^^:^:.~^^~^^
:^^^~~~!~:!!~:!!^!!!7!~7~^7^^~^!~^!!.^^^^~.!!~~!:~!~~~.~~~~^.!!^~^^!:~~^~~!!!^~~~!^!77!!!!!:!77777!!^!^~~!!!!!!^!~~~~~:!!!!^.!!!!~~!~.!!~~~!!!!~.!77??7~!^^!~^!:^~^^~~!!^~~.!!:!~^7^~!~^!~.!!^~!^!!:!!.^!~^!^~!^!!~~!^!~:~!~!~^!^:!~~~^!~.!!~!~^!~:!!~~~!!!~!:!!!!!^^!!!!^~!^!~~!!~~^!!!!!^:~~~!~~!:!!~~!!!!^!~~!!!~!:~7~~!^!!^^~.~!:~!!~~~!!^!~~!~!!~~!^~!~~~^~!!!!:~~~~!~~!^!!!~7~~7!7???JJ??7!7777!:!!~!!.!:.
.:.. .....::.:..:^:^:.:.^^... ...::..:... :^^::.::.:.....:.....:..:....::::....:::::...:.:.............::..... ...:...^^::. ...^^.:..:::.... .. ..:::..^. ...:.............::... :. :..:..:.:::.:^.::..^^:^::^.^^.:^.:. ::... ...:....:. :..:.....:.::.:^.^^..:........:..:.:::^::^^^::.:..::::....:...:..::::::^..^.::.::.:^:.:::^:::.:. .:...:::::.....:::::.:^^^.::..:.::.^::.:..:::^.::^^^^:::::..^::::...
^~!:^~:!!!~!!!7!!!!^7:^7~!!~~!~!!!!!^~~~!!777777~!!~!7~~!~!!!!!~7^^7!!7!7!:7~^7~~77!!~!!!~!!^!!~~~!~!!!!!!!~!!!~!!~7~!7!!!!!:!!!!!!!!~!~~7!77:!!777^~7!!7^^7~!7!~!!!!!~!^~~!!!~!~^!!~7~^7!!!!~!7!!7~77777!!7!!7!!!~!!!!~^7!!7~:!~^!!!!^!!.!!!!~~7~!!~!7~~7!!!~!7~!!^7~:!!^!!!!7~7~!7!!!!!!!~7~!7~!!!!!!!!~!7~777!7!!7!!!~7!!!!!!7!!!!!!!77^!!!!!77!!!!!!!!77!7!!!~!7:^!!7!~7!777^~7^!!!77!^!7~7!^7777!!7!~7~^!~~
... :::.::..:::. : ...::.:....:. ...:...:.:^ ..................:....^: :. :..:. :..:..::.:...::...:.........:. .. ...:.: ...:........::.:..:^:. .:..: .:..:..^.::..: ..:..:..^.:^..::.^:.::..:.::::^..: .:::: :..:. ::....^: .... .: ...:. ......:..: .. ..... :: ...::::. :..:....::: . .: .:..:..:... .:. : .. .:..:.::..^:::.:::::..:.::.:..:..^:.:^:::::... .:::. ...:. :^ ::.:^^ .^.:..^:.::.::.~::^:.
.^!~^^~~7~~!^^~^^!~:!:^~^^!~!~!!~^!!~!!^!~~~~~!~^~!!~~!!~^~~~~!~~~!~~!!:~~~!~~^!!~~^!^~!!^!!!!!!!~~~!:^!~!!!~!~~!^^!~^!~!~^!^^!~!!!~~!!!~!~~!!~!!~~^~!~~!^~!!~~.~7^~!.~~!!!~~!!!~!!!~!!!~!~!!~!~^~~~~~~!!!!~:!!!!^~!~:~!^~!:^~!!!~!^^^~!~:!!^!!~~~^!~!!!!!~~~~~^!!~^!!~!~:!!!!~!!!^~!^~~!!!!!~~!~!!!!~:~!~~~^^~^~~^~!^~!~!!~!!~!!~!!~~!^~!!!!~!~~!~!!!^!!!~!!!!~!!~!!!!~!^^!~~!~~!!!!!^!!~~!~!!::~^^!!!!!!!!!!!!
:..:. :.::..:..: .^.:^:.^::::::.^^::::^^::^..:::^^:^^..:^^:^: :.:::::.::..:.::.^^:^.....^^:^^:..::^..::.^:.~.::.:^^:^:^:.^:.:.~~^^~^^..::::..:.:::^^:::..^:^^.:^.:: ::.:^.:^..:.^:.^.:::.::.::.^^.^^^:::^:.::.^:.~^ .::^: ^~^^^.:::^ ^:.^:.:.:^:.^:^::^^::^.:::~:::^.:: :^..::::.:^..:^^::^^^^.^::^^.::.:^..:^^:::^.::::..:^:.:.:^::^.^:.^:.^::^^:^^ :^:^^^^:.^:.^:::.. .::.:::^^::: :^.:~::^ .~:.^::^:^^^:~.:
.::.:::.::~::^^:^^::^:.^ :^... ::.^:.^..^:.^:.::.:~:^^ ...^:.:^^^:^^:~^:^~^^~::^::^:^^~~^.:::^:.:^~:^^.:^.: :::^^^^:..:.:::^^^^:^^.::.^::~^.:^^^^^^:^~..:..~^:^:^^:^^^^~::^^^~.:::^^:~^.^^.^^.:^::^ ^~::~^^^.^^^^^:~^.^^^^^:^^:^^::::^^^: ^..^^^^::^.^^::^ :^:^^.:: :^.^^.:~ .:.^:.^:.^:.::.:.:~.:: ^^:::.~^::::^:.^^::^..^.:~:^~::~^^~:^^:~~^~^:^^:~::^^:^:^~^:^::^:^^.:^.^^:^^..^.:^:~~^~~:^~^.~^^~::~^^~:.^:^
:^~.:~!~~^^~^~~:~~~.^^^!:~~~:~:^~:~~.!!^^~^~~.~!:^!^^^.!!~~~:~~^!.~~.!!^!!^~~^~~^~~^~~:~~~~^^~^~!^~~!!!!~:!:~~~^.^!!^~~~~^^!:~!~~!:!~::^^^~:^!^~^^~:^!~:!!~~~:!^~~~:!~~!^:!:^!.!!^~^^!!:~~:~!~~~~~~.~~^~!:~~^~~^~!^~^.!~^~~:~~^~!:~~^~:~^.!^^~^~~.~!:^~^^!.~~~~~.^!.~~.!~^~^.~^:!~:!:^!:^!:^!:~~.~!:!!:~~:!!:~^:!~.~!~:!^~!:^~~^~~~!^!!:~!.~~:!!^!~:!^~!:^!~^!^^!~^~^~^~!~:!~:~!^~7^~~.~~^~!:^^^.!!~!~^!::!^^!!!
. .. .... .. .:..:. .. ....... .:.... . .. .. ...: ...:... .. :. . .. ....... ....... .....:..: ... .. .... ...:....... .. .. : .. ..... .: ... :..:..:.::... ...:. .. .: .. .:... .... .. . .. ..... .. .......... .... .. .. .. .. ....:... .. .. .. :. ....... .. .: : .. . ::... .: .. .. . . .. :..:..: ::.:. :: :..^. .... .:... .:... .:... .... .. .. .. . :~... . .:..:..
.:!..!.~7:^7^~!:^!^:7:~!~~~~~~^!~^!!:~!~!!^~7.~7.!7.~~~~!:!!!!^^7:~!.7~:7^^77:!!^!!!!~~!!!7~:7!~!~~!7^^7!!!^!!!!.!!!:.!~~~~!!^!~!~:7~^!!!!! !^^7^^7~~!:^7~:7.^7.~7!~7~~7!!!!!!^7::7~^7^~!!~!!.!7:~7:!!~!!~!7:7!:!~~!!^!!^!!~!!:7!^7:^!:!~:7^~!^^7^!!~!!^!!:7!:!7~~~:7~^7~.7!^77.!!^!~~!^!7:!7.^7.~!:~~:7!!!!:!7^~7^!!^!!.!7^^7!^!~~!^!!^7!:!!^!~:7~^7~.7~~7:~7^~!~~!!!7^~7.!!.!7~!!^^7~!~.^7!^7~!!.!7.^!!!!!!!!!
. . .. .. . . : . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .. . . ... .. .:.:. .. . :.... . ... .... .... . .. .. . .. . .. . .... .. . . . . :... ........ . :. ........ .. .. :. .. . .. ..... .. .. . .. . . . . .. . .. .. .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . .. ....: .. . .. :: .. ..... . .. ..... . .. .. . ...:. .. ....... .: .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. :..::...
.:~.^!. ^.:~..~~.:: ~~ :~.~^.~ ^7.^!^^~:.! ^! .! .!:^!.:~:^!.~::^.~~.~~.~~ .~::: ^~.^^.~!.~^^!^!:.~::!:~^.~.~~!:^^ ~^^^:!^:^ ::.~: ~!:~~.!^.!^:!.~!^.^^:~.~~.~!~:!^:!~^~^~^^!~^!::!!.~!:!!~~~::~~~~:~~^~~.~^^~~~!^.!~^^~.~. ^..!.:~^~~ ~^ ~..!:^~.^!:^!.^!:^~.:!.~!:^:.!^~~!.~^:! ^!:~~:^~.~~.^~.~!~~!.^~ ^!:~!^~^.!!^!!::!.^^~!~.~!:~!~~!!!~:7^~!^.~~^!^^~:.!!~!^^~^~~~!~:!!~~!:~!:!~:!!~~~^~~~:~~^::~!^:7~~!^:
: .: . .: :...: :: . :..: .:.::.^: .: .^ .: ::..^..:..:.~^.:.:. .. :. ^^:^. :: ::.^^.::.^.:..:.::.:: ...:. .. :........ :. : .......:..^..^..:..^..^..: .: .:..^. :::..^..^..:^ ^: :::...^:.::.::.:. :..^:.:. ::.:: ^. : .^....:: :. ^ .: .: .:.::..: .: .: ...^. :.:.: :..: :: :::...^: :: :^.::.^: :^ ::::: ::.::.:: ::.:: :.::^..:.::.: .:.:~:.^: :. :..:..:.:: :: ::.::.:^ ^^..:..:.:::.. ...::..::^: .
. . .: : . ...:. :: : .. .. ...:. :: ::..^... .:... .. .:: . . ...:..:. :. ::.:. :. ::.:..:.:. ^:.:....^..:. : :..: .: ...:..:.::.: .^..^^ ^:... :. :..:.....:..:..: .: :.:^: :: ::..:.:: :: :: .: .:.:: .. .. :. .:.:. .. ...: :. ::.:..:. : .:. :.:^ ...::.:. ^..^. ^..:..::.^..: .: :..:..:.:: :: :: .. .:..^..: .:.:::.^..^.:..:..::..::: .:..^..^..^. :..:.:. ^: :^..:..:..^.:^::: :^ ::..::.: :. .: :
:.~ :!:.! .~^.!^:!^ ^^.!.:~..~ ^^.!^ ~~ ~!:~!.:!.:!.^~.~!.:~^.~.^.^^:!:.!^ ~^.!~.~^.!:.!~.~~:!:~^.!^^~.:~:~:^!^.!..!:^^:!^.~::::~^.!^:!:.!^.!^.~^:!^.7~.~^^7^:!^^!~:!^:!^^!:~.^!: ~~.~~.^~:^!:!~ !!:~!.!!^!!.!~:!!.^~.!~:!^ ^^.!::!.~^.!^^!:.!:.!.:!:.!:^!.^!.~~.!~.~^^!..!^:!^:!^.!^:! :! .!^.^^:!:~^.~~ ~~.~!:!!.~~.:!:~!.~~^:~:~~:!^^!~:!!.!^~!.~!:^!^^!::!:.!^:~^!: !!.~!.:!:!!^~!:^!:^^.!!.^!:^!^.~ ~!.~~.~
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . .. . .
^!:.!..!..~^.~^:~^.!^.!:~~ ~! :^:!~ :!.^!.^!..!.:!.:!.:!.~~.!:^^.!~:!~.!^.!~ ~!::~.!~.!^:!^.~.!^.!^:!^!!.!^:!^:~!^~^:!..!::!.!.~!.!^.~^:!..!::!^.!~:!^:!!~!~^!~^!^:!~.!:^~^!!.~~.!7:!!.~!.~::!~ ~!.^!.!~:!!:~!:!!^~!.~~.!:.!^.!^.~ ^: ^^ !.^!::!:!!:^! ~~.!! ^~:!:^7..!^.!~.~~.7^^!.:7.~!..!.~!.~!:!~.^~.!!:^!.^!^^7::!.!7^^!^:7!!!.7~^!!^!!:!^^!::!^:7^.7~^!!:~~~!:!!.~!^^!::7^^!^:!:~!.:7.~!.~!..!.^!.~!.^! ^
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .... . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . ..... . .. .
^ .^ .: :. :: ^: ^.:^. ^..:.:. :. :: .^ .: ^ .^ :^ :^ : .. : :. ^: ^:.^: ^^ .: :..^ .^ .^.^. ^.:^ :..^.:^ : ^ .~..: : .: :: :: :. ^ .^. : :~.:^..~:.~:.~..^:::..^..:.^. ^. ^:.^. :: ^: ^^ ::.:: :: ^~ .. :: :. :: .. .. .. . .. :. . :..^ .^..^ :^ :. :: ^: : .: ^. ^: .:.:... .. .^ :^ :: ~^ :~ .: ::..: :: ^^.:^ .^ ^^.^ .^ .^ ^..^ .~..^..:.^^ ::..:... :..^^..: :: :^ .^ :^..:.^: :: :: .: .: .: .
. .. :. . :. :. . ... . : ...:. .. : . . .. .. .. : .. . . .. :. ^. :. .. ...: . . .. :..: :..: .: . . .. . :... .. .. .. : : : .: .:. :. :..: .. .. :..: . :. ...:. :. :: .: :: .: .: .. .: .: .. :. . .. :. ...: .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . : :..:..: .. .: .. .. :. ::..: .: .. .. .. .. .: .: .. : .^ .^. :. : . .: :... ::..: .. :. .. .: .: :: :.::... :. :. .. .. .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . .
.^ .^ :~ ~..^. ^..^: ^ .^ .: :^ :: :^ .^ : .^ .^ :^ .^ .. ^..^ .. :. ^ ^. ^: :: ^. : .^ .: ^..~..: ^: ^. ^. ^. ^ :: :..^ :~ :^ ^..^ .~..~. ^..^ ~:.~. ~..~. ~..~..^ :: ^: ^. :. ^: ^: :: .^ .: :^ .^ :^ :: ^. ^..~: :: :. ^: :. ^ :. ^ ^..: .: :^ :^ :^ .^ ^. ^..~ ~. ^. ^. ~..~ .^ .: :: :: :^ .: :^ :^ .^ :: :^ :^..~ :~ ^:.~: ^ ^: ~ .! .^. ^:.^ .~..^..^ ^^ .^..~ ^^ .^ :~ .~..^ ^: ^. :^ :^ :^ :. :
: : ^ ^ :. ^^ ^. ^..^ : .. :: :. ^ .^ .: .^ .: .^ ^ : : .. : ^. :. ^. :: :. :. ^. : : .: .: .: :. : ^. ^ .: ::.^ : .: :: :..: ^. ^. : .^. :. ^..: .^ .^..: .^ .. :. :. :: ^. :: .. .: .: .: .: .: .. ^. ~. :. :. :. . : .. . : : .: .. :: .. .: : ^ ^ ^. ^: :. : .: .: .^ .: :. :^ .^ :: :: :: :: :^ :^ .^ .: ::.~. ~. ~. ^..~ .^..^..^..^..~. ^ .: :^ .^ :^ :^ .~ .~ :~ .^ :^ :^ :: ^: :: .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . .. . .
. . . . . .. . . : . .. .. .. . . : . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . :. . . . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .: . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. : .. . . .. .. . :. . .. : :. . .. .: . . . .. . . . .. . . . .: .. .. .: ..
.: : : : :. : : : : .. .. .. .. .: .: . .: : .. .. :. . .. . . . : .. . : : . . .: .. .. : : : : . .. : . .. .. .. .. . : .. : . : : :. : : . .. .. .. :. .. .. .. .. .: .: .^ .. . . : .. .. : : . .. . . . : .. .. .: .. . : : : :. . :. : : : : .: .^ : :... .: .. :: .^ .: .: .: : ^. : : :. :. :. :. :. : . .. .^ .: : .: .^ .^ : .: .: .^ . .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
We're dedicated to making frontier technology work for the realities of emerging markets.
. . .. . . .. . .. . ..... :....... . .... ... ......:...:..:..:.::~^.^:.::..:.....^^::^..:
.^:!!!!!~~!^!!~!!!!!!7!~!~~!!~!~^~:^!^~~~^~.^!~!!~^!:~!^!!~!!~!!!!!!!!!77!!7~!!~!!!777????7??7??JJ?J??77~777??????J^
.~:^:.::.:::~^:^^::^:^::~^:^:.:. :..:..:..^.:~::^..^ .~~^^^:^.^^:^^^~^:::..:.:. ^^^~~:!~~!~~7!777777?JJ?7??777~77~!!^^ .
:~^~!::~^^~^^^^~.^!^:^. . ::.^:....:: :~. . .~~!!~~!~~^~!!!!!:.^:^~~~^:~. :^^^^:^!~^~~!7??!~?J?????7???77!7!^7777??JYY.
.: :^!7!~~~~7:~!!!!:^!!!!: :.^::~~..... :..::.. .!~~^^!!~!7~!!777!~!:.~~~~.~~^!::~~.^::~:.~~^!^^7!:!~!7777?JJJJJYYJYYYYY5YY7??JJJJJY: 7^
..^^:~~. ...:.^: .^!. . .:::.. :: . . .:^!^:~777!~~:.^:.::...::^:.....^:.::.^^^!!!~:.:::^!~~^~!~~~~!!7??7??77?JJ?J????~!Y?^^:.
77!!7!!!~^^:^7!!!!7^:~~~~77. :.^.^::!7~:~.. ^. :..:. ^.^!77777??7?777!!77!!!!7!777~7!~7!!77!7!77?JJJ?7!!7~!!77???7?77?JJYYYYYY55YYYYY55YYJJJJJ77
.~~~^~:...^~~~^^^^.. .:~~~^ ..: .... . .... .:.~~~!~:^^~^~^^^^^~:.~::~~!!~!!^~^..:.:^.~~!7777!~~~^!:^!!77777!7!!?77J!!77??7JJ?7JJYJJJ7~7~
... :~!!!~.:^^~~!!!^ ..:~~^.. :~:^..~^ :. .:.:..: ^^:::7??~!7?7?JJJ??7~~:^~^^~^!??JJYJ7!!~:^^:!~!!77JJJJ7!!~.7!7??????????7?JYY7??7?JJYYJJYYYYY55YYYY7:
^:~~~!~. ...~!!!~!. .^:.~^.~. ~~^:: .^ ^:.~. ~: :.:!^ :^:7!777.!777?JY!~7~:!.:~~!77JYYYYY: ::~~~~^77????JJJY?.:!:7?JJJYYYYYYJ7?JJYY55YYYJYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY555Y.
...::^^^.::::... ^~~: .....^: .. . ..:..:.:..^:^~..^^^~^^77:.::^~^!!^~. . ~. :^~!7?~^!!. .::.::~~7?JJJ~... .: .::^^:!777?J7~~^77777??!!77777!!!7???JYJ?7JJJYJ~
.!~77!!77^!:.!~^7!7?7!:.^^^^~~!!:.. ^!:.^.^:.!~:^!^~~^!~^!^777?JJJ?^^7??JJY?7~^:^7^^!!7?JJJJY?!~~~~!!!7~^!!7JJJY5J!.:~^!^:!!~!!!!?YYJJ?7Y!!?JY55555555555YYYY55555555555PPJ?.
. .. .~^:^^~~. ^^:...!!^~: .... . .. .. .... ::.^:.:.:::.^^~7???!~.:~!!!!77~:.^::^::~^~~~~^~!: :^~~!!~~!!77?7??!^. ...:.:^::^^~~~!!7!~^~:^!::~!7??????77?7~^~~!7!~~7??????J!:.
^7::!!!!!^!7^. :::~~!?7::::^~^.~~^~...:~^.~. ^~~!~!7?YJ^~!~:~~7!7JYYY!7!!???JJJJJ~~~!~!!~!77?J7~~^~~^^!~7?JJJYYYYYYYJ7~::^!!~!!!!!~!7?J???JJJJ?77!:.^~7?JYYYYYJJJ??7??J?!7?JJJJJJY555YJ!.
^!~~^^..^^~^ .!^.~7?7~ : .:: .:. :. :.^: .. ^~.!?7~~:.:^~::!.:7?JJJ7.!!!~??????7^^^:^~~^!7??! ^!^~^:~~!??JJ???JJ?7~!. .^~^!^^!!77777^7??J7~7^^: ~^.~^^7JJJJJJ?JYJJ?77??????J??J??JJJJJ~ : .
.~^:^^!!~..^.~^..~!77777!: .: .:.:^:.^^~^ ^.::.^!!7JJ7^~!:^~::~!!!!!7JY?7!!7???JJJYY?~^^^:.:~!??:^. :~::~^^^~!7?JJ???JY? ^~7!!!7JJJJJJJ!^7???JJJ7!7^^^^.^:~^~~!77JYYJJJYJJ?77!!~^.!~^!!!7!!??7??J5J~
.^~!!!!7~!7!^~~!!~777??7~...::^ :^.~^:^!!^ .^:~!7777JYY:~!~7^:~:^77??JJ?J^!!~~7?JJYYYJJY!!:~^^!7??^.!~~^!!~~:!!!JJJJYYYYY!^:!!!7!7?JJYYY57^7~7??JYYYYYJ7~!~^!~!~^7!~77?555555555YYYY?!?JYY?Y?JYYYYY55Y5P^7^
.::^:^. .:..:::^^~^...:..... .:....::.^^..:^:^!!!?77?7~.^^^~: .::^:^!~~:..::~777?!??~!77~...:.:^:.:.....^:.::^~~777???!~:.:^!~~!!7?????77^.::^~~!7!!77!~^^:~^.:::^^:~::!!~!???7?????7777~^::~^~!!77!~~~!^7Y?~:.
.:^!7~~7~~!!7~ ~7!~77777~^!!:!~!!7!~ .!~!~!!7^^^.777J7!JJYYY~!!!7~~7^~!7!7J?7.:77777JYYYYJYYYYYJ7!~77!~: ~!!!!~!!^!!7???JYYYY~^!!!~^77?JJYYY5YY?7^7777JYYYYYYYYY7!!!!:!!!!7777?7???JYYYYY555555YYJ?7??7?7????JJJJJYY5555?.
..^~~^.::.^^^:^.:^^:~^::. ::.~^.^:.: ::~^::: .:~~~^^::^~7?: :. :. :.:~!!7!.^:.~~!!!7??77~~!!!!^^^.:..^: :^^::.:::~~!77!77J7^.:~:~..!!77?7?????!~.:^^~!777???77^:^:::.~~~~~~!7777?JJJJ?????JJ?JJ??????!!^^~^!77?7!!!~~!!77~~:.:.
. .^^!77^ !!77!~~!^!!^~ ^:~~:^:~~:!:.~^:~!?7~~: ~!!7?77???JJ!^~~!^~7~~!7?!~7~~!~~!!7??JYYJ??JJJ?!.^:^^~^!!^!!~~!~~!!777?JJJY!^^^~~~~!~!77?JJYYJYJ77^!!:~77JJJYYYJ7!!~!!^!!~!7?Y5555Y555YJJYJJYYYY55555YY??!!7777!??7?J???7JY555Y55Y!.
:!~^~~~~~~~^.~~.~^.:^:^~~~ . ^~..^^::^^.~^^~:^!~!^.~~^7!!7!~???J~:!~~!!~!!~!~~~::~:^!^.!!7????^77^!7~^:.~^^~^.:~^!^^~~^^~:~77?J?J: ^:.:^:~~!7!7???JJJJJ?7~!::~~!7?JJ??7^^~^~~:~~~77??????~!??7JJJJJJJJY7?Y?JY55YJ?????77?JJ?7??JYJJYYYY5555~ ~~
.:~::^:^~^~^^. . .:.:^:.^^ .: ::::.^:.:::^:~77777?~^^:^~~777?77?!::.^~~!777???7~::^:^~~~~~7!!7?7?7?????. .^^:.^:.^^:~~~^^:~!~!?J?~^^:^~~~!7777~77?JJJJJJJ?7!^::.^:^~:~7~^^:^^ ^^:^^7JJJJJ?7~^^^..^:^~.^~~!~~!!JYYYYYYJJ?????7J?!7!!~^~!!?JJJJJY???!!!777:
..^^:^~!!7!~!!!!!7!!~~!^!~^!!!:^~.~^.!~^:~~~!^^77??JJJ!~^:!!~?7?JJJY?~?~:~~7??JJJJJJ~77~!!!!!7?77JJJJJYYYYYYY?.:!.^!~!!.!!!!7:!7!7??YY^^!~:!77??JJJJ!:??JJJ??7!?7!?!~~ ~~~~..!:!!~!7.~!~77!JYYYY57!!!7~^!~~^^7!~77??!7JY5555YYY5555YYYY55YY?JJJJJYY5555YYYYYJY!^ .!: .
. :::~^^^.^~^^~^^~. ...:. ....:. ...::^^::^^:^:^!!77~^~::::^^~777!^:.::^::^~!7!!77!~!::::^^^^^^^^~!!7777777?^.:::: .. .. .^..^.:!~!7?!. :::~77777!!~~::!7!??77~.^^~!^....... .. .^.:^.:^^!!~777??~::.....:::^!~^:^^^~^^^^!!!7??J7!JJJJ???J???7?7???!~~!7777!~~~^::^7~~7?!!!~:::.....
^:.7~!!!!7!!!~777?JJ!:. ...!~ !~ ^7^~!~~?7????J?????JJY5YJ!!!!!!777JY7~~^:~!!!!!7?YYYYYY?7~~!!!!77777?JJYJJYYYYY?7:!^!7:!!:^!!~7. !7?JJJJ77!!77JJJYY?7??777!?JJJYYYYYYYY77!!:~!!!~!!~~!~!!!!7?JJYYYY55?~7!^..~77JYYYYJ?7777.~77!7??Y5YY55YY5555555555555YJYYYYYYYYYYYY5YYYY5YY55YYYYYYJYJ^~^. !Y^.. .
::.!~!!!7!!!7!~!!^^. .:^^^::: ^. .!~^~~^~!!~:~777777777^^::::^^~~~~~!~:.:^^^^:^~~^!7777^:~:~~!!!!!!!77??????~77::. :.^:.~^~^~^.^.:!??J7!:.~^~7777!!7~:~:.~~~7!777????????~.::.:^: :^:::^~!~!7!!7?7???J~.:^!~^^^!77?77!!!~^~.^^~~^^^:!7JJ7?7777!!7~^!!7JJJJYYYJJYJJJJ????7!^77!~^?JJ????7~7J!. ..^7!?~. .~. .
~7^. .^7!^:!7!77??????~!7::::~~^~~~:^^~!!!77???????7????JYYYJ7!~~~ :~^~~~!77J?~~!:^^~^^^~~~!~!!~~!!!!7JJ?????JYY57?J?!!^.^^~~~~^.~~~~~~!JJJY5Y~:^~^~7??J77!!7?7!:^!!777?JJYYYYYYJ7~~!^~~~~^^^:~~~^77?J?7J?JYYYYJ~^^!!!!!7??JJJJJJ?JJJ?!!~~!7~!7~JJJ?J??7~77!!7?J??JJYYYYYJYYYJJJJJ?~7????JJJJJ?JJJ?7???777777JJJJ??J?7~!?YP!
.~:!777!!77??7?77???!^.^^.: .^..^^::~~.^7!7??777JJ?J?????????^~. ~~:~.~~~!77J7!7!:^~.~!~~~^^~!!: ^~!!77??!!~!!!777~?7?J!^~^~~:.^~~~~~~^!77JJJJY7.:^^~!77777^7??JJ~77^!!7?JJYYYYJ!7!:^~~~:~^:~~!7~!!!7J??J?JJYYYYJ?J7!:!!!?JJJ?JJJ7JJJYJ?JJJJJ??~!~ 77?JYYYJJJJ??!?JJJJJJ?7~.!7JYJJJ?YJJJJ?JJJJJJYYYYYYYY5YJJJJJJJJJJJJYYY5YYYY5Y~
...:: .!:^7777!!7!!~^~~:~... . :::::::...^:^^:~!??J?7?J???7~^::^:...^^:^^^~^~!!7777^.^~..:.:^::^^^:.^:.:..~7?7!:~~~!!^!!.:^ .: .:..^..:... :^.:^::: .::^~7777!!~!777!:::^~!!!!7?J?77^:..:^^~~~~~!~~7777~~7?JYJJJJY?:.::::.^~~~!~~!???!?JJ?7?J?!7??77^::~^:~!77777??77!~^~!!::: :^^!777?7?77?7???!7~:^~!7??7??7~!77!!~~~~~~^!!JJJ??JJ?77~^.:^::::^^.
. .~!7777?7!?7?J?J?77!!~!~~~.~^!!^~!!!!::~!!!!!?JJJJJJYJJJJJJ??JJJ??77~!!!!!!:~7777JY5^^~^77~~!!~~:!!~!~.~^!!^:77!77^7!?J!~7!^~~.^~:^.~!^~~:!!~^~.!~:!!~^!^^?!?JJJJ7YYYY57??~J?!7:~??JYYJYJ!7!!7!^7!7??J7?JJJJJJJYJJY55Y~~^!!~!!!!!~!!~77JJYYYJYY5Y55YYYYYJ??777~!7^?JJJJYY5YYJJ??777~~!!!7^?JYYYYYY55YYYYY55Y55YYYYYY5YYYYYJ?777!77!???JJJJJY7JY55Y??JJ^. .
. ...: ^~~!~77!^~~~~::::....::^^:::~~:::.... ...:^:~!!~!~~~^~~~~^^!!!!~~^::^^:..:.::^~!~:: ....::::....::... ..^^::^~:::.^^^^. :. ...:.......: ..... :. .:..::^~^^~~~~^!!!~~..:...:^.:^^^^^:^^....:.:^^^!7777777?7!!!7!~~~ ......::^::^:^!^~77~~~~~^^!~!~^~!!7!~::..:.:.:^^~~~!7!!77~!~::::.:.:.:~~~!~~!7??77!~~!7!!^~!!!7!!7!77:^~:::.^^:~!~^::~7?7?777!~:~~^...~..
.:....~??7!777!7!77?????7!?7!7.^7~~~~!!7??JJJJJ!7!.~!!!!~!!777JJJJJJ77JJ?JJJY55?^~!:!!!!~!7J??7YJ7~!:~!~~~^!~^~~!!!!!!77777777??JJ?5J.^~.~!~~..~.:~.^~~!^:!!~~!~!~^~~^777????JYJ?!7?J7^:!!^~!~!7!!~^~~~~~~!..!7777!?JJJJJJYYYYY5Y?.~~::..!~~~!~!!~!!?JJJYJJYJJJ~?J!77~7?J55YJ?77?7!!!!!~??JYYYY5YYYJYY?7?!!!!77!777JYYYJYJJJJJJYJJYJJYYYYYYYJJJ?77!77!77~77~??JJ??JJYYYYYYYYJ?JJJJJJ?
^~^!!~!!777~~^~!!7!~~!.:^::^::^:.~::^:~~^~!!!~~~ .:. ::.:~!~~!!!!:::^^.~777777^:..:^^~.:~..~???.:~:.^..~~~: ^..~^:~^:!!!!^~77::!~7~~^ .^:.:. .^:.~^^^~!~:~!!~~^~~!!!~77!77!.: :^..:.:^ :^.:^:^:^~:.^:^~. ^~:~~~~!^~!?77JJJ?!::.:::. .!::^^:~^:~^~7!7??7?^~!:!7.:~....^7???JJ77!:::::~:^~~!!???J?!!777!7!.~~:~^:!~~77~!~!!!77777!7??????77!7???~^^:^:.^~^~^~~~:!!!!77777??7????7?7
:. ^!~^~.~7~77!77!!!~^~~:^.::..^^^!:^~~~~~~!!~??!^.^.:^..^:^^:~!!?JJJ!~.:^^:~~~!~7?. .^: ^^^~~~!~~!7~!!~~^^~^^~~~~!7???77??J???J?JYJJ?!::^^:^~^::^:.~:::::^~~~77?JYYJJ??JYJ?777!~~!^^^::^::^^~!~^!:...:^:^^:~~:~~:!~~!?????7777?YYYY5YJ!!~~~~^~~7!~^~~~~^777J?7?J?77?7?YJ?7~~!~~^.~^!?JYYYJJ~^^^~^^~~^7JJYJJ???JYYJ?7?7~~^~~~~^~:~!!!!^!~!7!!?7??7?J?JJYJ7~^^^~7::^:~~~~!!!7!~!~!7~7??777????
^^!!~~!~!!!!7!7!~~~~~~~^~:^~^~~~!!!!!!~!!777?7??!!!~^. .^.!!.:^^!77?J?^!!^ ^~!!7~!~!!~:.. .:^~~^^!~~~^:^.^^^~^~~~!!~!!!!77????J?JJJJ7!!!7^~^~~:~~^^..^^:^^~~^!77??7!7???7!~:!^:^~~~^:~~^^~ ^!~777JJYYJ!:..:~^!~.~!:~!!????JJYJJ??JJYYJJJJJJ7!!^!:.~^~~^^!~~!.^!!!77!7^:!::J??J?7~^!:^~~~!~!7?JJJJ7!!!::!!~~~!!7JJJJYJYJYYJJJ?777!!!!~~~~!~~!^^!!~7~7!7??JJJJJJJ??777^~~^!~~~!:~!^?77?????77?7????
.. ^ .^:^~~~~^^~!!7!:^.:^:~~.:^^^^^~~!!7!~!~^!~!~^~^:^:.::.:..^^^~^::~~??^~^. . .~^^^..^ : .: . .^^:^^:::.......::::^~~~!!7???!!^^..:::. .: .. ......:::^:::^~~~777???!~::::.:.^:::::::.:^^:^^~~~777???!^....:::^:.:^..:::..^~^7?7!7????7!!.^!!~~^~:....::.^^^~^^~~::^^!~^~^~!^!7~!~...:^^::^^~~777??!:. .:^.:^^^:^~~!!!!7?777?777!^^^.:.::~^:^^^::::::^^:.!!.~7?7!^^^.:^:^..^^:^::!!~7~77!~.:^^^~~
~!77~~~!~~~7~!7~~7!!777?7!~ ~7!!77!7!7777?JJ7?J?^~7~~7!!!.~~^~!~!!!7~^7~!JJJJ??7.. :!:^^!7.:!:~~.^^:~~!!~~?.:!!!!!7.~!^!!~!!7????JJJYYJJ~~^^7!!!!!!~.!~.~:^!~~!~~7~!!^7??JJ?JJYY57!~!!!!!7:~7^~!!!!!~7~!??JJJYYYY57!J~!??!7???~77^!~^!~~!~!!7JYYYYYYY5YJYYYYY577!~~!!!~!~!!~!7!!?!!77^?77?:!J77?~^~!:^.!7~7?JYYYYY?7!~!77!~!!!!!!:77?JYY5555555Y555??!!!~?????77!~!7!!^:77~?J?JJJYYJ??77~.~!:7!7!7?JJYJJ?^!7~!??
^::^.:~^:^::^^:::~~:^^:::~~.^~^^^^~^^:~::::^..:^:::..:... ....::::^~:.~.:!^:^:.:. ..:... ..... ::..:::::~. ..:^: .^.::~~~~!^^!7~!~^~^.::^~~::. :. . :..:::^:^~:^~:^^^~!~!!~:^ ...:^^:: .: ...::..::^!~!????~:~.^~~7??7?77!::. ^^:~^::.::::^^~~7?7777?7!!!^...:~^^::^::^::^:.:^^~~~!^:^.^^.^!:^^..^.^: :.:~~!77?7^^^::^.....^:.:^^^^:~!~~^!777!!!7!~^.:^:~7!^:.::.:..::^^^:^^:^^^^!~!: .. ::.:::^^:~7~^!!:~~!
!:~!~!!!~!~~7!~!~~!:!~^7?JJJ???7J!!~::~:.~^!!!!!~!~:~!~^!:^~!!!~!777?777^!!^~~^7!^~^!!!:~!!!7^^!.~!^^7!~~!!!~^!~~!!~~7!!?JYYYYY7JJ!7~:!!~!!~!!.~~^!~.!~~77!777?^??YYYYJ???YJ~7.:~^~~.^!^~~^~~~!!~~!~!7!7??JJYY!~^7!7?YYYYYYYY!~!~~!!!7~!7~:~~~!!!~7?7??JJJJJ7!7~~77~!!!77!7~~7~777?JJJ5??YJJJ7?JYJJ?77~!^^!~^77J5YYY55YYYY?~~!^!!!!!~!~:!!!!!7?7JYYYYYYJJ?77Y55YYYJJJJ7777777777!!7!7?JYYJ?7777.^!:~~:7??YYYJ???
^:^^^:...:.:^:.::^^.:::~!~~!~~:.^.:::~~~~^^^^^^:.::.^~::^:^^^^~~!!~^^.^^.:..:.:^^...... .:.:^.:^ :. .^..::^::.~~~~^^~!!77777!!^.^.:^:.^..~^.:^.:^.^^^~::!!^!~^~.^!!!!!7!~~~. : .^.:: .: ...:^.:~^~!:~!~!!7~!~.^..~~777????^.:^^~^^~^^~^~~ .~~~^~^:~~:.~!!!~!^^~^~!!.::.^^.^::!~!!~~7!^!^^~^7!!!!7!!!^~.:^:^~^~~!!^^77~7!777!~:.:::^^:^^:^~~^^^~~~~^~!!!7~^^.^!7777??7J?77?!~~~^~^^^^^!^^!7?J??~ ^~.::.^^.~!77???
.^^^^. .:. ..:^^~~:~!!!7~~:.~ ^~^^^^~!~:~^:!..^~~~~~~:.:.^!~~~^!!^^^:::~~~~!!^!~: ^~^^~~^^: :^:~~:.^:^~~^~7?????7!?J??777?!~^...:^^:^~:^^^~!~~!~~7!!?J?JY?^.:^^^~~^^:^^:^..^~~~.:^:^:.^~!!7~!!!??????J5?^^..^^7??????J?:~:~~^^^~~~~!!!!~!~~!~~~~~~~^^^:~!77!!!!!!:~~::^::: ~!7??JJJJ!!?7~~~^7777!7^~^~~~^~^!!7!!7?7?JJ?JJ?7^::^:~~~^~^^!~^:.~~~~..:~^~~^~^^!!!7~777JJ7?JJ??7~^^^^~~!!^:^?YJJJ7?!^~~.^^~^~:!???
^^~^~~!~~!!!!!!~~!!^!~^~.:^^~~.^~^~!~^!^^~^~!~:!~!!~!!:^~^!!7!~~~:.^.:~~~~~?J7^! ::^^~!!!!~~^^~!~~!^^!:^!~^!7??77!7?JJ7?JJJJ^^~~!!^^~.~!^^!!!!~!7!!!!77!?~^~^^!~~~~^!^.~:.~:.~.~^:~~^!!:!7!7!.?7??J?????7^^!!~~7???J?JJ?!~!:!~!!!^!~~!!!~^!:^!^:~~~~:^~..~^~~!7!!!!~!~^!~.!~.~!7??777:7~:!^!7~7!~!7!~!^~!:~^.!~^~!!77JJJJJ??!~^!~~!!:^~:~~~!~~~~!~~!!~!!~~!~~!~~!777?JJJ??JJJYY7777!!!7!7!~!???JYY7!!!!~.~7~.7??
..:^:^^~^^^~:.:^:^^:~~^^::^.::..:.:^:.:.:::^~~:^..:.:^..::^^^^^::::^::^^!7!7^:^:.::^^^~~^^^::::~~!~::~^:~^~!!~~~~~!7?7!!^^~~::^:^^:.::::::^^.^::^~~^^~^.::.:::::::: :: :..:..::^^~~^:^~^~~~!!^!!!!~^!?!~^.:::^~!7??7!~~::::.::^~^:^:.^^^^^^^^^:::^^^::^:::::::^^:^::~^:~~:^:^^:.^:^~^:^. ..::::^:.::::.::::..^^:::.::^~!!!^!!~^!~!!~:^^:^^^^:^^:^^.:::.:::::::^::::^~~~^!!!?J7??77!~^~^^^:^:^~~^~!~!7!^~^^~^^~~~
!77777?7!!~7^.!!77!7???J!~!:~!~!7~^?77777??77!!7^~~^!7!7777?JJ~~!!!?!JJYYJ!7~!7!77!!?~!7777777?J?7?77??JJJJJJ?JYYJJJJJ!7~777777!7!!7!~77!??~777?!?J?7?7^7!!!~~!!!!!^!~^!!~!~~!^~!7?JJJYJJYYYYYYYYYYY??~~7~~77??JJY77?~!!:7!~!7!!!!!!~7!!7!!777!!7^!7!!7!!!!!7^^!!!!!!!7777!7~!~^7!!?~77!!7!!!!!7~!!~~!~~7!!!!~7!!!^!7777?7!~77??JJJJYYY7??~????777!!7!!!~!77!77!!!!77~!^!??JJ?JYYYYYYJJ?7777^!77?JJ55YYJ7???J???
.:^^:^:. ..^. ::^~^^!~:: .:..^:^^..:.::.:^...^^: ...^:.:~~!^^: :~:.:..:.:. ...:..^..:.:^^^^^~!~~~:~^~7!!7!~~^^^^....^^.::.::^^..^^:~^:^:.^: ...^..~^.^. :.:~::^^::..^:.^:.:.:^.:^^!7!7?!!!!!7!7!77?!.~:.^::^~~:^^^..^.:^.~^.::...::^::^::.:^^^:::.:^^^~^:^::: .:::...:::..:.::..:.:.:.::^:::....::::^::^.:::::.:: ^^::^:...^~~!7!77^^!^^: :^~~^::..^^:^:.^^^~:^~^~^:.^..^:^^.:^~!!~~~^^^::: :^^^~::!7?J7!!~!!~~
.:~~^~!~~!!!!!7?7???JJJ?:^7^~!!!!~!~.~~:^!!!7~!!:~!~~!~!????~!!!7!!^:^^.~~~~!^~~^~~~~!~!~~7!~?7!7?7?7?J?JJJ??!J?7!!~~~!~~~~~!~~:~7777!!!^!~^~~^~~^!!!!!:!!!!!!!~!!!!!!~!!!!7!!!!!7?JJJYY?JJJJJJYYYYJ???7?7~!~~~^~~^~!~!~!!!~^!~~~^!!!!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!^7!!!~^~~!!~~!^:!~~!~~!!!!!!!!^~!!!!~!~^!!~!~~!~~!!~~.!!~~!~~~!!!!77!!??JJJJJJJ????77!!7~.!~!!^~!~^!~~777!777^:!~!~~!~^~!!?J???7!!~^~:!!^!!:~!?JJJ?J????J
.:..:::!::~~^7!~~~:^:.^..: :~~.. :^ .:..:..:... :^.:!!~^^:: ^:.:... ...:^.:. :: :::~^~~.:!~^~^~!^!!!!!^~!!:!:~~~!~^..^^^^^^^^^:^^^^^:^^:...:^.^:^~:.^:.~^^~.:~.:^^:~::~!^!!^!~!!!!~~7~~!7!7!77!^~!!~~!!:.^^:^^ ^^.^:.^^^^^^^^^^:.^^^^^^^:^~^.~^^.^~^^^.^^^^^^^^^^:.::.^^^^..^.:~^:^^.~:^^^.^^^^:.~:.:.^^^^^.^^^^^:^:.:^^~!~!!!!!!???J?7?7???!~^:~^^: ^^^^^^:~:.^~~7^^~^^^^..^^^^~~^!!777!^~:^~::~:^~~!!77!!~777
:^^~~~~!77777?J7..^^.^^:~~!!!!.:^^^::~~^~7!777?????J?77^^.:~!!~~!~^~~~~~~!7777?7777?J???7?J?7??JJJ??7?JJJJJ7!77!.:^^^:::..:^:::.^:.:::^^^^~^::.:^~!:^~~~!^~!~!!~~^^~!7777?JJJJJJ?7??77!7?7!!^^:. :^^:^.^^^~~~~^^^^~~^.^~^^::::^^^:^::^::^:^~~^^^~~~^^^:^^~^:::^^:^^..^...:^::::::.::.....^.::^^:..:.::::^:::::^... .^:~77!~~~~~!~!~~!7777?7?J^.^^^~~^^:^::^~^~~~!7??J??!!7!^!7!~^^~~^^:^^:....:::::^^:.:~!~~~^:.
!!!!~!!^!~^!~^:^~!~~~~~!!7!:!!.!!7?7~77:~????J???J?!^7?7?77!~!!~!!!!~~7777??7!777???J!7J???7??7??~??7!J7J?!^7:^~::~^^~~!!^!!:~!.!!:^!!!!!!~^!!!~:^!~^!!!!!:!~^!~^!^!7~!?7!??JJ!7?:!!!!!^~7:!!:~!.~!~^7.:!^~!^:~^~~~~!~~!^~!!^^^~^^!!!!~~!~!!^~~~!~~!~!!~!!~!~:~!!!^^!!~!!^!~^!!!!!!7!!!!!!!!!~~!!!!~^~!^~~~~!!~:!!.~!:~^.!77?7~7????~!7!!??J?!~~!!~.!!^^::!~~!~!!!????JJJ?7YJ?J?77!^~7!~!!!!!!!:~!!!77777777!!77
^~~::^^.::...::::^:^^::^::: :~.^~~~!^:~^^~!~^^~!!!^.:~:~7777~^^^^~!7!!?77???7!77!77?7^^^^^^:.^:.^..:..^^:^^:^..:.::::..:..:::::.::::^^^^^^:^~^^^::^^:~:.::.^..^^^~^~!~7?777~~^:::.:..:..:::::.::..: .:..:.::..: .:^:..:^:.:^::::::^:::..:::^::^::^^^:::....^^..::::....^: .:::^:...:::^^^:.....:.::....:^::::^::^^:^:.^..^^:~!^!?7!!~!77??^^!~^!:.:^~^..^:^^^^:.^^~!!?7:~~!?!~!~^~!~^~^:^::^::^::::::^:::.^~::^:
^!77777!7?7!!!7^!!^77:7!^!!:??7????JJ?JJJJJJJJY?7??7J?7?J?JY77^^7!~?????JJ7????!~?~7?~!7777!^7~~77!77!7!!!!!!~77!!!!7!!7!~!!~77777777777???!JJJYJJYY??^~7!!7~!777?JJYYYY5YYY77~!!~!!~7!~!!~!7~7!.!7:~7~77!!7^!7^!7!7!!7?^~777777!!7!^7!!!7!7!77!7!~7!^!~!!!77~~!!77!77!!7!!77777!!!7!!77!7^!7!!!^!!!!!^77^77~!!!!!!7!!7~7????JJJJYYYYYYJJYYY5555YJ?777~77777~7!!7!~7~?!~JJJ5YYYYYYY55YJ777~7!^77!7!~77~77~77????
.::..::^^:.. . .: :: .^.:^.:~::~~~7~^::^^^~~^::.:~^:^^^~.:^ ::.^:.^^::.:: ...: :..^..^.::.:^::^:^^::^.:^:.:.^^^^:.::^^:.::.:^^^~~^.:^.:^^.::::..:..: .:..::~~^:~^^~^^^^^^:.. ::.^::::.:^.:^.:^.:: .^..:.:: ::.::.^:.:^.::::::^:.:..:..^^::.^^.:::^:.^..:.::.. .:::^^:::::::^::::..:.:... .:::^.::.:^:^^.:^..:::::::....^:^!!^^^!7!~!7^^!~!!^^^^^^.^^..:^.:.^^^^..:.::.^~:!?77!~^~~77!.::.:^.^:.::.::.::..^~!!:
~~~^~!^:!~~~^:^:~^^!!!!777?7??7?JJJJ7!77?JJJJ~~!~~!~~!~~!~!!!!!7!!~~^~~~~~^~~~!!~!!~~~!!~~!~!7?77~~!~!!!!!~^!~!!!!!:~!~!!!!!~~~^^~!!!!!~^!~^!!~~!^~~~!^^^~^!JJYJJYJ^^^^!~~!~~~~!!!7!~!~~!!:!!~~~~!!~!!!~!!!!!!!~!!~!!:~!!!!!~~~!!!!!!!~~!:!!~!!^!!~!!!!~^~^^~:^^.!~~!!~^~!!~~!~~!~~~~~~^^^^^~~~!~!!~!!!!!^!!!~~~~!~^~^^^^~~!JJ77?7?????77???77J??J7~77!^!!!!!!!77!!~~~~^~!77??JJ?????J?7!~~7~~~~~~!~^~~!!~^~!77!
^^^::^. ^:^^ ::.^: .~^^~~~~.~?~:~~~!~~!!^^^^^ :^.:^^^^:^~.:^^^^^^^^^:^::~^.^^:^^.^^:^::~~^~:.~^~!:^^^^~.:~^~~~~~^~!.:^ ^::^^:^^:~^:^!^^::^..::^^:.^^:~.^~:^!~:!!!7~^~.:^:^^^^:^~^.~:.~:.^~.^^.^^:^:.^::^^.~^.^^^:^:~~.^^^^^.:^.^^^^:^^^^^:~~.:^:~::~^:~::~::~::^.^^^^^~^^^^::~^:~~^~^:^^^~^^^^^~.^^^^^^:~::~^~::^^::^^~~^:~.~~^~!:~~~!~:!~^!!!7^~!~:~:.::^^^.^^^~^^~^^^:~.~~~^!77777??J???7!~~^^^^^~~~~^^:~~^~^:
.:^:.^..: .^^:^^^^~^:^^~~^~~^~.~!~~~.:::^. :^.^^:^^^^::^^:^:.^^:::^^:^^.^:^^^^^:.^^^^:^^^^^^:^:^~^^^:.^^^^::^^^^:^~:.^:.::^^^^^^~^:^^:^:^~~:^^^~::::::^^^:~~:.::~~^:^:~~^^:..:^~^:^:^^^^^:.^^^:^:^~.:^::^^:^^~^^^~^^~:::^^::^^:^^:^^:^:^::~^:^^:::.^^:~::^:^^:^^..:^^^^::^^^^^^:^^^^..::^^:^^^~~^~~^^~::::^~~~~^^::^^::^:^^.^~^^^:^::~^:^~:^^~~^^^.:~:::::^^.:..:::^^^^~~^^~~~~!!!~~??77!7??7!^:^^^~^^:^:.~^^~^^
:^^^~~~!~:!!~:!!^!!!7!~7~^7^^~^!~^!!.^^^^~.!!~~!:~!~~~.~~~~^.!!^~^^!:~~^~~!!!^~~~!^!77!!!!!:!77777!!^!^~~!!!!!!^!~~~~~:!!!!^.!!!!~~!~.!!~~~!!!!~.!77??7~!^^!~^!:^~^^~~!!^~~.!!:!~^7^~!~^!~.!!^~!^!!:!!.^!~^!^~!^!!~~!^!~:~!~!~^!^:!~~~^!~.!!~!~^!~:!!~~~!!!~!:!!!!!^^!!!!^~!^!~~!!~~^!!!!!^:~~~!~~!:!!~~!!!!^!~~!!!~!:~7~~!^!!^^~.~!:~!!~~~!!^!~~!~!!~~!^~!~~~^~!!!!:~~~~!~~!^!!!~7~~7!7???JJ??7!7777!:!!~!!.!:.
.:.. .....::.:..:^:^:.:.^^... ...::..:... :^^::.::.:.....:.....:..:....::::....:::::...:.:.............::..... ...:...^^::. ...^^.:..:::.... .. ..:::..^. ...:.............::... :. :..:..:.:::.:^.::..^^:^::^.^^.:^.:. ::... ...:....:. :..:.....:.::.:^.^^..:........:..:.:::^::^^^::.:..::::....:...:..::::::^..^.::.::.:^:.:::^:::.:. .:...:::::.....:::::.:^^^.::..:.::.^::.:..:::^.::^^^^:::::..^::::...
^~!:^~:!!!~!!!7!!!!^7:^7~!!~~!~!!!!!^~~~!!777777~!!~!7~~!~!!!!!~7^^7!!7!7!:7~^7~~77!!~!!!~!!^!!~~~!~!!!!!!!~!!!~!!~7~!7!!!!!:!!!!!!!!~!~~7!77:!!777^~7!!7^^7~!7!~!!!!!~!^~~!!!~!~^!!~7~^7!!!!~!7!!7~77777!!7!!7!!!~!!!!~^7!!7~:!~^!!!!^!!.!!!!~~7~!!~!7~~7!!!~!7~!!^7~:!!^!!!!7~7~!7!!!!!!!~7~!7~!!!!!!!!~!7~777!7!!7!!!~7!!!!!!7!!!!!!!77^!!!!!77!!!!!!!!77!7!!!~!7:^!!7!~7!777^~7^!!!77!^!7~7!^7777!!7!~7~^!~~
... :::.::..:::. : ...::.:....:. ...:...:.:^ ..................:....^: :. :..:. :..:..::.:...::...:.........:. .. ...:.: ...:........::.:..:^:. .:..: .:..:..^.::..: ..:..:..^.:^..::.^:.::..:.::::^..: .:::: :..:. ::....^: .... .: ...:. ......:..: .. ..... :: ...::::. :..:....::: . .: .:..:..:... .:. : .. .:..:.::..^:::.:::::..:.::.:..:..^:.:^:::::... .:::. ...:. :^ ::.:^^ .^.:..^:.::.::.~::^:.
.^!~^^~~7~~!^^~^^!~:!:^~^^!~!~!!~^!!~!!^!~~~~~!~^~!!~~!!~^~~~~!~~~!~~!!:~~~!~~^!!~~^!^~!!^!!!!!!!~~~!:^!~!!!~!~~!^^!~^!~!~^!^^!~!!!~~!!!~!~~!!~!!~~^~!~~!^~!!~~.~7^~!.~~!!!~~!!!~!!!~!!!~!~!!~!~^~~~~~~!!!!~:!!!!^~!~:~!^~!:^~!!!~!^^^~!~:!!^!!~~~^!~!!!!!~~~~~^!!~^!!~!~:!!!!~!!!^~!^~~!!!!!~~!~!!!!~:~!~~~^^~^~~^~!^~!~!!~!!~!!~!!~~!^~!!!!~!~~!~!!!^!!!~!!!!~!!~!!!!~!^^!~~!~~!!!!!^!!~~!~!!::~^^!!!!!!!!!!!!
:..:. :.::..:..: .^.:^:.^::::::.^^::::^^::^..:::^^:^^..:^^:^: :.:::::.::..:.::.^^:^.....^^:^^:..::^..::.^:.~.::.:^^:^:^:.^:.:.~~^^~^^..::::..:.:::^^:::..^:^^.:^.:: ::.:^.:^..:.^:.^.:::.::.::.^^.^^^:::^:.::.^:.~^ .::^: ^~^^^.:::^ ^:.^:.:.:^:.^:^::^^::^.:::~:::^.:: :^..::::.:^..:^^::^^^^.^::^^.::.:^..:^^:::^.::::..:^:.:.:^::^.^:.^:.^::^^:^^ :^:^^^^:.^:.^:::.. .::.:::^^::: :^.:~::^ .~:.^::^:^^^:~.:
.::.:::.::~::^^:^^::^:.^ :^... ::.^:.^..^:.^:.::.:~:^^ ...^:.:^^^:^^:~^:^~^^~::^::^:^^~~^.:::^:.:^~:^^.:^.: :::^^^^:..:.:::^^^^:^^.::.^::~^.:^^^^^^:^~..:..~^:^:^^:^^^^~::^^^~.:::^^:~^.^^.^^.:^::^ ^~::~^^^.^^^^^:~^.^^^^^:^^:^^::::^^^: ^..^^^^::^.^^::^ :^:^^.:: :^.^^.:~ .:.^:.^:.^:.::.:.:~.:: ^^:::.~^::::^:.^^::^..^.:~:^~::~^^~:^^:~~^~^:^^:~::^^:^:^~^:^::^:^^.:^.^^:^^..^.:^:~~^~~:^~^.~^^~::~^^~:.^:^
:^~.:~!~~^^~^~~:~~~.^^^!:~~~:~:^~:~~.!!^^~^~~.~!:^!^^^.!!~~~:~~^!.~~.!!^!!^~~^~~^~~^~~:~~~~^^~^~!^~~!!!!~:!:~~~^.^!!^~~~~^^!:~!~~!:!~::^^^~:^!^~^^~:^!~:!!~~~:!^~~~:!~~!^:!:^!.!!^~^^!!:~~:~!~~~~~~.~~^~!:~~^~~^~!^~^.!~^~~:~~^~!:~~^~:~^.!^^~^~~.~!:^~^^!.~~~~~.^!.~~.!~^~^.~^:!~:!:^!:^!:^!:~~.~!:!!:~~:!!:~^:!~.~!~:!^~!:^~~^~~~!^!!:~!.~~:!!^!~:!^~!:^!~^!^^!~^~^~^~!~:!~:~!^~7^~~.~~^~!:^^^.!!~!~^!::!^^!!!
. .. .... .. .:..:. .. ....... .:.... . .. .. ...: ...:... .. :. . .. ....... ....... .....:..: ... .. .... ...:....... .. .. : .. ..... .: ... :..:..:.::... ...:. .. .: .. .:... .... .. . .. ..... .. .......... .... .. .. .. .. ....:... .. .. .. :. ....... .. .: : .. . ::... .: .. .. . . .. :..:..: ::.:. :: :..^. .... .:... .:... .:... .... .. .. .. . :~... . .:..:..
.:!..!.~7:^7^~!:^!^:7:~!~~~~~~^!~^!!:~!~!!^~7.~7.!7.~~~~!:!!!!^^7:~!.7~:7^^77:!!^!!!!~~!!!7~:7!~!~~!7^^7!!!^!!!!.!!!:.!~~~~!!^!~!~:7~^!!!!! !^^7^^7~~!:^7~:7.^7.~7!~7~~7!!!!!!^7::7~^7^~!!~!!.!7:~7:!!~!!~!7:7!:!~~!!^!!^!!~!!:7!^7:^!:!~:7^~!^^7^!!~!!^!!:7!:!7~~~:7~^7~.7!^77.!!^!~~!^!7:!7.^7.~!:~~:7!!!!:!7^~7^!!^!!.!7^^7!^!~~!^!!^7!:!!^!~:7~^7~.7~~7:~7^~!~~!!!7^~7.!!.!7~!!^^7~!~.^7!^7~!!.!7.^!!!!!!!!!
. . .. .. . . : . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .. . . ... .. .:.:. .. . :.... . ... .... .... . .. .. . .. . .. . .... .. . . . . :... ........ . :. ........ .. .. :. .. . .. ..... .. .. . .. . . . . .. . .. .. .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . .. ....: .. . .. :: .. ..... . .. ..... . .. .. . ...:. .. ....... .: .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. :..::...
.:~.^!. ^.:~..~~.:: ~~ :~.~^.~ ^7.^!^^~:.! ^! .! .!:^!.:~:^!.~::^.~~.~~.~~ .~::: ^~.^^.~!.~^^!^!:.~::!:~^.~.~~!:^^ ~^^^:!^:^ ::.~: ~!:~~.!^.!^:!.~!^.^^:~.~~.~!~:!^:!~^~^~^^!~^!::!!.~!:!!~~~::~~~~:~~^~~.~^^~~~!^.!~^^~.~. ^..!.:~^~~ ~^ ~..!:^~.^!:^!.^!:^~.:!.~!:^:.!^~~!.~^:! ^!:~~:^~.~~.^~.~!~~!.^~ ^!:~!^~^.!!^!!::!.^^~!~.~!:~!~~!!!~:7^~!^.~~^!^^~:.!!~!^^~^~~~!~:!!~~!:~!:!~:!!~~~^~~~:~~^::~!^:7~~!^:
: .: . .: :...: :: . :..: .:.::.^: .: .^ .: ::..^..:..:.~^.:.:. .. :. ^^:^. :: ::.^^.::.^.:..:.::.:: ...:. .. :........ :. : .......:..^..^..:..^..^..: .: .:..^. :::..^..^..:^ ^: :::...^:.::.::.:. :..^:.:. ::.:: ^. : .^....:: :. ^ .: .: .:.::..: .: .: ...^. :.:.: :..: :: :::...^: :: :^.::.^: :^ ::::: ::.::.:: ::.:: :.::^..:.::.: .:.:~:.^: :. :..:..:.:: :: ::.::.:^ ^^..:..:.:::.. ...::..::^: .
. . .: : . ...:. :: : .. .. ...:. :: ::..^... .:... .. .:: . . ...:..:. :. ::.:. :. ::.:..:.:. ^:.:....^..:. : :..: .: ...:..:.::.: .^..^^ ^:... :. :..:.....:..:..: .: :.:^: :: ::..:.:: :: :: .: .:.:: .. .. :. .:.:. .. ...: :. ::.:..:. : .:. :.:^ ...::.:. ^..^. ^..:..::.^..: .: :..:..:.:: :: :: .. .:..^..: .:.:::.^..^.:..:..::..::: .:..^..^..^. :..:.:. ^: :^..:..:..^.:^::: :^ ::..::.: :. .: :
:.~ :!:.! .~^.!^:!^ ^^.!.:~..~ ^^.!^ ~~ ~!:~!.:!.:!.^~.~!.:~^.~.^.^^:!:.!^ ~^.!~.~^.!:.!~.~~:!:~^.!^^~.:~:~:^!^.!..!:^^:!^.~::::~^.!^:!:.!^.!^.~^:!^.7~.~^^7^:!^^!~:!^:!^^!:~.^!: ~~.~~.^~:^!:!~ !!:~!.!!^!!.!~:!!.^~.!~:!^ ^^.!::!.~^.!^^!:.!:.!.:!:.!:^!.^!.~~.!~.~^^!..!^:!^:!^.!^:! :! .!^.^^:!:~^.~~ ~~.~!:!!.~~.:!:~!.~~^:~:~~:!^^!~:!!.!^~!.~!:^!^^!::!:.!^:~^!: !!.~!.:!:!!^~!:^!:^^.!!.^!:^!^.~ ~!.~~.~
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . .. . .
^!:.!..!..~^.~^:~^.!^.!:~~ ~! :^:!~ :!.^!.^!..!.:!.:!.:!.~~.!:^^.!~:!~.!^.!~ ~!::~.!~.!^:!^.~.!^.!^:!^!!.!^:!^:~!^~^:!..!::!.!.~!.!^.~^:!..!::!^.!~:!^:!!~!~^!~^!^:!~.!:^~^!!.~~.!7:!!.~!.~::!~ ~!.^!.!~:!!:~!:!!^~!.~~.!:.!^.!^.~ ^: ^^ !.^!::!:!!:^! ~~.!! ^~:!:^7..!^.!~.~~.7^^!.:7.~!..!.~!.~!:!~.^~.!!:^!.^!^^7::!.!7^^!^:7!!!.7~^!!^!!:!^^!::!^:7^.7~^!!:~~~!:!!.~!^^!::7^^!^:!:~!.:7.~!.~!..!.^!.~!.^! ^
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .... . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . ..... . .. .
^ .^ .: :. :: ^: ^.:^. ^..:.:. :. :: .^ .: ^ .^ :^ :^ : .. : :. ^: ^:.^: ^^ .: :..^ .^ .^.^. ^.:^ :..^.:^ : ^ .~..: : .: :: :: :. ^ .^. : :~.:^..~:.~:.~..^:::..^..:.^. ^. ^:.^. :: ^: ^^ ::.:: :: ^~ .. :: :. :: .. .. .. . .. :. . :..^ .^..^ :^ :. :: ^: : .: ^. ^: .:.:... .. .^ :^ :: ~^ :~ .: ::..: :: ^^.:^ .^ ^^.^ .^ .^ ^..^ .~..^..:.^^ ::..:... :..^^..: :: :^ .^ :^..:.^: :: :: .: .: .: .
. .. :. . :. :. . ... . : ...:. .. : . . .. .. .. : .. . . .. :. ^. :. .. ...: . . .. :..: :..: .: . . .. . :... .. .. .. : : : .: .:. :. :..: .. .. :..: . :. ...:. :. :: .: :: .: .: .. .: .: .. :. . .. :. ...: .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . : :..:..: .. .: .. .. :. ::..: .: .. .. .. .. .: .: .. : .^ .^. :. : . .: :... ::..: .. :. .. .: .: :: :.::... :. :. .. .. .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . .
.^ .^ :~ ~..^. ^..^: ^ .^ .: :^ :: :^ .^ : .^ .^ :^ .^ .. ^..^ .. :. ^ ^. ^: :: ^. : .^ .: ^..~..: ^: ^. ^. ^. ^ :: :..^ :~ :^ ^..^ .~..~. ^..^ ~:.~. ~..~. ~..~..^ :: ^: ^. :. ^: ^: :: .^ .: :^ .^ :^ :: ^. ^..~: :: :. ^: :. ^ :. ^ ^..: .: :^ :^ :^ .^ ^. ^..~ ~. ^. ^. ~..~ .^ .: :: :: :^ .: :^ :^ .^ :: :^ :^..~ :~ ^:.~: ^ ^: ~ .! .^. ^:.^ .~..^..^ ^^ .^..~ ^^ .^ :~ .~..^ ^: ^. :^ :^ :^ :. :
: : ^ ^ :. ^^ ^. ^..^ : .. :: :. ^ .^ .: .^ .: .^ ^ : : .. : ^. :. ^. :: :. :. ^. : : .: .: .: :. : ^. ^ .: ::.^ : .: :: :..: ^. ^. : .^. :. ^..: .^ .^..: .^ .. :. :. :: ^. :: .. .: .: .: .: .: .. ^. ~. :. :. :. . : .. . : : .: .. :: .. .: : ^ ^ ^. ^: :. : .: .: .^ .: :. :^ .^ :: :: :: :: :^ :^ .^ .: ::.~. ~. ~. ^..~ .^..^..^..^..~. ^ .: :^ .^ :^ :^ .~ .~ :~ .^ :^ :^ :: ^: :: .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . .. . .
. . . . . .. . . : . .. .. .. . . : . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . :. . . . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .: . . .. .. .. . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. : .. . . .. .. . :. . .. : :. . .. .: . . . .. . . . .. . . . .: .. .. .: ..
.: : : : :. : : : : .. .. .. .. .: .: . .: : .. .. :. . .. . . . : .. . : : . . .: .. .. : : : : . .. : . .. .. .. .. . : .. : . : : :. : : . .. .. .. :. .. .. .. .. .: .: .^ .. . . : .. .. : : . .. . . . : .. .. .: .. . : : : :. . :. : : : : .: .^ : :... .: .. :: .^ .: .: .: : ^. : : :. :. :. :. :. : . .. .^ .: : .: .^ .^ : .: .: .^ . .: .. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
We're dedicated to making frontier technology work for the realities of emerging markets.
/
Vision
(01)
/
Vision
(01)
/
Vision
(01)
To build ventures that work together and unlock progress where it's needed the most.
/
Our Values
(02)
/
Our Values
(02)
/
Our Values
(02)
Build for the Majority
1
Emerging economies represent over 85% of the global population. We build systems for the people, infrastructure, and realities that define them.
Layer for Leverage
2
Every product is built with intention — infrastructure, utility, intelligence, and application designed to reinforce one another and scale together.
Grounded in Reality
3
We prioritize clarity, performance, and relevance — building technologies that are practical, reliable, and ready to operate in real-world conditions.
Built With, Not For
Utility by Design
Impact First
4
We build for the regions and realities often left behind—bridging the technological divide through systems designed for inclusion, resilience, and self-sustainability.
Build for the Majority
Emerging economies represent over 85% of the global population. We build systems for the people, infrastructure, and realities that define them.
Layer for Leverage
Every product is built with intention — infrastructure, utility, intelligence, and application designed to reinforce one another and scale together.
Grounded in Reality
We prioritize clarity, performance, and relevance — building technologies that are practical, reliable, and ready to operate in real-world conditions.
Built With, Not For
Utility by Design
Impact First
We build for the regions and realities often left behind—bridging the technological divide through systems designed for inclusion, resilience, and self-sustainability.
Build for the Majority
Emerging economies represent over 85% of the global population. We build systems for the people, infrastructure, and realities that define them.
Layer for Leverage
Every product is built with intention — infrastructure, utility, intelligence, and application designed to reinforce one another and scale together.
Grounded in Reality
We prioritize clarity, performance, and relevance — building technologies that are practical, reliable, and ready to operate in real-world conditions.
Built With, Not For
Utility by Design
Impact First
We build for the regions and realities often left behind—bridging the technological divide through systems designed for inclusion, resilience, and self-sustainability.
/
Thesis
(03)
/
Thesis
(03)
/
Thesis
(03)
We beleive lasting innovation emerges from layered, interconnected systems that compound, reinforce each other, and sustain impact.
Our Ventures.
(04)
Our Ventures.
(04)
Our Ventures.
(04)
Our ecosystem of ventures, designed to compound, scale, and work with each other.
